如何獲取文章的中心思想 - 六級閱讀

閱讀的首要目的是看懂文章的主旨大意，閱讀測試自然也以此作為檢驗(yàn)學(xué)生閱讀能力的主要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，辨別文章的中心思想也就成了一種很重要的閱讀技巧，這一技巧同樣在提高閱讀能力和閱讀速度中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。但如何獲取文章的中心思想呢？本文就以段落（構(gòu)成篇章的基本組成單位）為例，來探討一下如何獲取文章的中心思想。
     一、如何獲取段落的中心思想
     要了解段落的中心思想，可以問自己如下幾個問題：
     1．What is the topic？（Whom or what is the paragraph about？）
     2．What does the author want me to know about the topic？
     3． What general statement expresses what the author wants me to know about the topic？（The main idea is found in the topic sentence．）
     ［例1］
     People have different tastes in food．Some feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat．Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or the other at every meal．Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains and would enjoy a meal of clam chowder， spaghetti，eggplant，and fresh fruit．Others could live on what are called fast foods：a hamburger or hot dog，F(xiàn)rench fries，and a soft drink．
     1．The topic is：Tastes in Food．
     2．The author wants you to know that peoplehave different tastes in food．
     3． The first sentence is the one that expresses what the author wants you to know about the topic．This is the topic sentence expressing the main idea of the paragraph．
     不難看出，獲取段落大意的最主要途徑是判斷主題句。主題句常常是一個完整的句子，它簡潔明了，具有概括性，而段落中的其他句子則是對該主題句所表述的主題思想進(jìn)行解釋、支撐或擴(kuò)展。