一、該結(jié)構(gòu)的句法功能
“ to +one's + 情感類(lèi)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常用作插入語(yǔ),表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的態(tài)度、觀(guān)點(diǎn)等。一般位于句首,并用逗號(hào)將其與句子的主干部分分隔開(kāi),其作用相當(dāng)于結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),句子的主干部分是引起這一結(jié)果的原因。同學(xué)們?nèi)裟茉跁?shū)面表達(dá)中適當(dāng)運(yùn)用這一結(jié)構(gòu),可以增強(qiáng)文章的感染力。例如:
To my surprise, I was the first one to come to the classroom this morning.
使我感到驚訝的是,今天早上我是第一個(gè)來(lái)到教室的。
To his parents' disappointment, he failed in the exam.
令他父母失望的是,他沒(méi)有通過(guò)這次考試。
二、用于該結(jié)構(gòu)中的情感類(lèi)名詞
用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的名詞通常是一些表示高興、驚訝、悲傷、滿(mǎn)意、失望、遺憾等表示情感的名詞。常見(jiàn)的主要有: astonishment (驚訝), amazement (驚愕), annoyance (煩惱,惱火), delight (高興), dismay (驚慌、愕然), disappointment (失望), joy (高興), relief (欣慰,釋然), regret (遺憾), surprise (驚訝), satisfaction (滿(mǎn)意), sorrow (悲傷)等。例如:
To my great relief, the difficulties were all overcome.
使我感到欣慰的是,困難全都克服了。
To our amazement, the face of the city keeps on changing every day.
令我們大為驚異的是,這座城市的面貌每天都在發(fā)生變化。
三、該結(jié)構(gòu)與其它結(jié)構(gòu)的替換
這一結(jié)構(gòu)可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ to the + 情感類(lèi)名詞+ of sb ”。例如:
“ To the great joy of me, I pick up a lot of passengers during rush hours, ” said the taxi driver. 出租車(chē)司機(jī)說(shuō):“令我開(kāi)心的是,高峰時(shí)期我拉到了很多乘客?!?BR> To the delight of the teacher, some of his students become engineers.
令這位老師高興的是,他的一些學(xué)生成為了工程師。
四、該結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式
“ to one's + 情感類(lèi)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式有兩種: 1. 在介詞 to 前面加 much 來(lái)加強(qiáng)程度; 2. 在情感類(lèi)名詞前用 great, deep 等形容詞修飾。例如:
Much to my annoyance, he kept silent about some of the things that happened at school.
令我大為惱火的是,他對(duì)在學(xué)校發(fā)生的一些事情保持沉默。
To his deep sorrow, his grandfather died in a car accident yesterday.
令他悲痛萬(wàn)分的是,他爺爺昨天死于車(chē)禍。
“ to +one's + 情感類(lèi)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常用作插入語(yǔ),表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的態(tài)度、觀(guān)點(diǎn)等。一般位于句首,并用逗號(hào)將其與句子的主干部分分隔開(kāi),其作用相當(dāng)于結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),句子的主干部分是引起這一結(jié)果的原因。同學(xué)們?nèi)裟茉跁?shū)面表達(dá)中適當(dāng)運(yùn)用這一結(jié)構(gòu),可以增強(qiáng)文章的感染力。例如:
To my surprise, I was the first one to come to the classroom this morning.
使我感到驚訝的是,今天早上我是第一個(gè)來(lái)到教室的。
To his parents' disappointment, he failed in the exam.
令他父母失望的是,他沒(méi)有通過(guò)這次考試。
二、用于該結(jié)構(gòu)中的情感類(lèi)名詞
用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)的名詞通常是一些表示高興、驚訝、悲傷、滿(mǎn)意、失望、遺憾等表示情感的名詞。常見(jiàn)的主要有: astonishment (驚訝), amazement (驚愕), annoyance (煩惱,惱火), delight (高興), dismay (驚慌、愕然), disappointment (失望), joy (高興), relief (欣慰,釋然), regret (遺憾), surprise (驚訝), satisfaction (滿(mǎn)意), sorrow (悲傷)等。例如:
To my great relief, the difficulties were all overcome.
使我感到欣慰的是,困難全都克服了。
To our amazement, the face of the city keeps on changing every day.
令我們大為驚異的是,這座城市的面貌每天都在發(fā)生變化。
三、該結(jié)構(gòu)與其它結(jié)構(gòu)的替換
這一結(jié)構(gòu)可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ to the + 情感類(lèi)名詞+ of sb ”。例如:
“ To the great joy of me, I pick up a lot of passengers during rush hours, ” said the taxi driver. 出租車(chē)司機(jī)說(shuō):“令我開(kāi)心的是,高峰時(shí)期我拉到了很多乘客?!?BR> To the delight of the teacher, some of his students become engineers.
令這位老師高興的是,他的一些學(xué)生成為了工程師。
四、該結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式
“ to one's + 情感類(lèi)名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式有兩種: 1. 在介詞 to 前面加 much 來(lái)加強(qiáng)程度; 2. 在情感類(lèi)名詞前用 great, deep 等形容詞修飾。例如:
Much to my annoyance, he kept silent about some of the things that happened at school.
令我大為惱火的是,他對(duì)在學(xué)校發(fā)生的一些事情保持沉默。
To his deep sorrow, his grandfather died in a car accident yesterday.
令他悲痛萬(wàn)分的是,他爺爺昨天死于車(chē)禍。