實用英語:新概念英語第二冊學習日志Lesson55

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LESSON 55 Not a gold mine
    1.come true為固定短語,表示“(預言、期望等)成為事實”、“(愿望)實現(xiàn)”:
    His dream to travel around the world at last came true.
    他周游世界的夢想終于實現(xiàn)了。
    2.fail to do sth.表示“未能”、“不能”或“忘記”做某事:
    Don't fail to write to us.
    別忘記給我們寫信。
    He failed to see the reason why they sent him away.
    他不了解他們把他打發(fā)走的原因。
    3.Armed with the new machine…用這種新機器裝備起來……
    arm(ed)with可以表示“帶著”、“裝著”、“穿著”等:
    Don't worry. I'm armed with an umbrella.
    別擔心,我?guī)е鴤隳亍?BR>    You'd better arm yourself with a warm coat.
    你好穿件暖和的外衣。
    4.deep在表示“有……深”時要位于數(shù)字之后:
    We have a swimming pool six feet deep.
    我們有一個深6英尺的游泳池。
    5.在第31課的語法中,我們學習了用used to表示過去的習慣。
    would是另一個用于描述過去經(jīng)常性行為的詞,它與used to有時可以互換,有時則不可以,而且would需要指出具體時間,used to則不需要。
    (1)當used to暗示與現(xiàn)在的對照時,不可用would替換:
    I used to drink heavily, but I have given up drinking now.
    我過去喝酒很厲害,但我已戒了。
    I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now.
    我過去早飯吃得不多,可現(xiàn)在我吃得很多。
    (2)當used to描寫過去的狀態(tài)時,也不可與would互換,would只表示過去特有的習慣或行為:
    I used to be a waiter, but now I'm a taxi-driver.
    我過去是個侍者,但現(xiàn)在我是出租汽車司機。
    They used to own a car.
    他們過去有輛車。
    (3)當used to不強調與現(xiàn)在的對比時,可與would互換。但一個故事開頭時不用would,必須首先用一般過去時或used to描述背景,然后用would表示習慣性動作:
    When I was a boy we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a farm. We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows.
    我小時候經(jīng)常在農(nóng)場度假。我們總是5點起床,幫助擠牛奶。
    6.use, be used to與used to
    (1)use通常為及物動詞,表示“用”、“使用”、“運用”、“應用”等:
    May I use your dictionary/ car?
    我可以用一下你的字典/汽車嗎?
    I don't know how to use the word.
    我不知道如何使用這個單詞。
    The machine has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground.
    這機器已被人們用來探測地下埋藏的金子。(use用于被動語態(tài),后面的to引導表示目的的不定式,不可與be used to及used to混淆)
    (2)be used to表示“習慣于”,后面跟名詞或動名詞,be也可用 get等代替:
    I'm used to shopping alone.
    我習慣于一個人購物。
    I'm used to getting up early.
    我習慣于早起。
    I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a baker.
    我開始當面包師不久就習慣早起了。
    (3)used to表示過去有而現(xiàn)在通常已不存在的習慣,只用于一般過去時,后面只能跟動詞不定式:
    I used to get up early when I worked as a baker, but I don't have to get up early now.
    當面包師的時候,我常起得很早,不過我現(xiàn)在用不著早起了。
    You didn't use to smoke.
    你過去不抽煙。
    You never used to smoke.
    你過去從不抽煙。(用never的否定式更常見)