實(shí)用英語:新概念英語第二冊(cè)學(xué)習(xí)日志Lesson55

字號(hào):

LESSON 55 Not a gold mine
    1.come true為固定短語,表示“(預(yù)言、期望等)成為事實(shí)”、“(愿望)實(shí)現(xiàn)”:
    His dream to travel around the world at last came true.
    他周游世界的夢(mèng)想終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
    2.fail to do sth.表示“未能”、“不能”或“忘記”做某事:
    Don't fail to write to us.
    別忘記給我們寫信。
    He failed to see the reason why they sent him away.
    他不了解他們把他打發(fā)走的原因。
    3.Armed with the new machine…用這種新機(jī)器裝備起來……
    arm(ed)with可以表示“帶著”、“裝著”、“穿著”等:
    Don't worry. I'm armed with an umbrella.
    別擔(dān)心,我?guī)е鴤隳亍?BR>    You'd better arm yourself with a warm coat.
    你好穿件暖和的外衣。
    4.deep在表示“有……深”時(shí)要位于數(shù)字之后:
    We have a swimming pool six feet deep.
    我們有一個(gè)深6英尺的游泳池。
    5.在第31課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了用used to表示過去的習(xí)慣。
    would是另一個(gè)用于描述過去經(jīng)常性行為的詞,它與used to有時(shí)可以互換,有時(shí)則不可以,而且would需要指出具體時(shí)間,used to則不需要。
    (1)當(dāng)used to暗示與現(xiàn)在的對(duì)照時(shí),不可用would替換:
    I used to drink heavily, but I have given up drinking now.
    我過去喝酒很厲害,但我已戒了。
    I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now.
    我過去早飯吃得不多,可現(xiàn)在我吃得很多。
    (2)當(dāng)used to描寫過去的狀態(tài)時(shí),也不可與would互換,would只表示過去特有的習(xí)慣或行為:
    I used to be a waiter, but now I'm a taxi-driver.
    我過去是個(gè)侍者,但現(xiàn)在我是出租汽車司機(jī)。
    They used to own a car.
    他們過去有輛車。
    (3)當(dāng)used to不強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的對(duì)比時(shí),可與would互換。但一個(gè)故事開頭時(shí)不用would,必須首先用一般過去時(shí)或used to描述背景,然后用would表示習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作:
    When I was a boy we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a farm. We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows.
    我小時(shí)候經(jīng)常在農(nóng)場(chǎng)度假。我們總是5點(diǎn)起床,幫助擠牛奶。
    6.use, be used to與used to
    (1)use通常為及物動(dòng)詞,表示“用”、“使用”、“運(yùn)用”、“應(yīng)用”等:
    May I use your dictionary/ car?
    我可以用一下你的字典/汽車嗎?
    I don't know how to use the word.
    我不知道如何使用這個(gè)單詞。
    The machine has been used to detect gold which has been buried in the ground.
    這機(jī)器已被人們用來探測(cè)地下埋藏的金子。(use用于被動(dòng)語態(tài),后面的to引導(dǎo)表示目的的不定式,不可與be used to及used to混淆)
    (2)be used to表示“習(xí)慣于”,后面跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞,be也可用 get等代替:
    I'm used to shopping alone.
    我習(xí)慣于一個(gè)人購(gòu)物。
    I'm used to getting up early.
    我習(xí)慣于早起。
    I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a baker.
    我開始當(dāng)面包師不久就習(xí)慣早起了。
    (3)used to表示過去有而現(xiàn)在通常已不存在的習(xí)慣,只用于一般過去時(shí),后面只能跟動(dòng)詞不定式:
    I used to get up early when I worked as a baker, but I don't have to get up early now.
    當(dāng)面包師的時(shí)候,我常起得很早,不過我現(xiàn)在用不著早起了。
    You didn't use to smoke.
    你過去不抽煙。
    You never used to smoke.
    你過去從不抽煙。(用never的否定式更常見)