常見(jiàn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)

字號(hào):

一、常見(jiàn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)
    1. 羊可分為綿羊(sheep單復(fù)同)和山羊(goat)。又可細(xì)分為:
     綿羊 山羊
    公羊 ram he-goat
    母羊 ewe she-goat
    小羊 lamb kid
    2. a flock of sheep 一群羊
    3. wool 羊毛,(woolen)sweater/cardigan 羊毛衫,cashmere sweater 羊絨衫,mutton 羊肉, sheepskin 羊皮。
    4. scapegoat 替罪羊,sheep and donkeys 懦夫和笨蛋,sheep‘s heart 膽小
    二、習(xí)語(yǔ)
    1. as well be handed for a sheep as (for) a lamb 一不做,二不休。
    2. a wolf in sheep‘s clothing 披著羊皮的狼
    3. a sheep in a tiger‘s skin — outwardly strong 羊質(zhì)虎皮
    4. cast sheep‘s eyes at sb. 對(duì)某人拋媚眼
    5. follow like sheep 盲從
    6. sheep without a shepherd 烏合之眾
    7. the sheep and the goats 好人與壞人
    8. black sheep 敗家子,害群之馬
    9. stand out like a camel in a flock of sheep 鶴立雞群
    10. After all, the wool still comes from the sheep‘s back— in the long run, whatever you‘re given,
    you pay for it. 羊毛出在羊身上。
    11. One scabbed sheep inflects the whole flock.(諺)一只羊生瘡,整群羊遭殃。
    12. It‘s never too late to mend. / It is not too late to mend the fold even after some of the sheep have
    been lost。 亡羊補(bǔ)牢,猶未為晚。
    三、典故
    1. black sheep 意譯:害群之馬
    源于英國(guó)古代的迷信傳說(shuō)。英國(guó)人總認(rèn)為黑羊是魔鬼的化身。另外,黑羊毛也不及白羊毛值錢(qián),常被視為“無(wú)用的次品”,因此,“黑羊”(black sheep)在英語(yǔ)中便有了“無(wú)用之人”、“不孝之子”、“敗家子”、“害群之馬”等轉(zhuǎn)義。例如:There are black sheep in every flock. (諺)一群馬中有劣種,一方水土有壞人。
    2. separate the sheep from the goats 區(qū)分好人與壞人
    源于《新約·馬太福音》第25章。當(dāng)耶穌隨天使來(lái)到萬(wàn)民面前時(shí),他要把他們分開(kāi),就像牧羊人把綿羊和山羊分開(kāi)一樣,他把綿羊(好人)置于右邊,山羊(壞人)置于左邊。右邊的人將受到天父的祝福而永生,左邊的人則會(huì)遭受煉獄的折磨??傊?,羊的善良被人稱(chēng)頌,羊的軟弱由人貶損,正體現(xiàn)了這個(gè)世界的矛盾性。連耶穌也稱(chēng)作“好的牧羊人” (the Good Shepherd),足見(jiàn)羊在英語(yǔ)中的地位。