2008年職稱英語理工類教材新增部分內(nèi)容(四)2

字號(hào):

注釋:
    1. ever:比以往任何時(shí)候,曾經(jīng)。如:
     This is the best book I have ever read.
     (這是我讀過的書中的一本。)
    2. power stroke:動(dòng)力行程
    3. at small scales:在小等級(jí)上。這里指的是 "在納米等級(jí)上".
    4. it is quite impressive in relation to the tiny scale of the motor:與電動(dòng)機(jī)的小等級(jí)相比,功率是相當(dāng)可觀了。in relation to 是"與……相比".如:
     The city is quite large in relation to its population.
     (就人口而言,這個(gè)城市相當(dāng)?shù)拇?。?BR>    5. setup:裝置。這里指 nanomotor.
    6. If it could be scaled up to the size of an automobile engine:如果納米電動(dòng)機(jī)能按比例放大到汽車發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的尺寸。scale…up to 是 "把……按比例放大到……".
    7. across:從一端到另一端
    練習(xí):
    1. Paragraph 2_________.       
    2. Paragraph 4_________.         
    3. Paragraph 5_________.         
    4. Paragraph 6_________.         
     A An introduction of a Toyota's 225 horsepower V6 engine.
     B A description of the nanomotor in terms of power and size.
     C Surface tension.
     D Previous inventions of nanoscale products.
     E The working principle of the nanomotor.
     F Possible fields of application in the future.
    5. Doctors envision that the nanomotor would travel through human bodies to __________ .
    6. Surface tension means the tendency of atoms or molecules to __________ .
    7. Nanoconveyors could be used.to __________ .
    8. Applying a small electric current causes atoms to __________ .
     A remove disease
     B resist separating
     C shuffle between two molten metal droplets
     D power nanomachines
     E sop up molecules from the large droplet
     F transport nanoscale objects
    答案與題解:
    1. E 第二段介紹了納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理。兩小滴金屬熔液通上微弱電流,大的小滴的原子就會(huì)緩慢逸出,加入小的小滴,后者體積不斷增大,到一定階段,就會(huì)與前者碰撞,這時(shí),大的小滴便奪回它失去的原子,這就是一次 power stroke (動(dòng)力行程,動(dòng)力沖程),此時(shí)就會(huì)產(chǎn)生發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的動(dòng)功。原子如此來來去去運(yùn)動(dòng),就象發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)活塞一樣。這就是納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理。所以,E 是答案。
    2. B 第四段描述了納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的功率 (20微瓦) 和體積 (200納米)。選項(xiàng) B 用 "A description of the nanomotor in terms of power and size"概括本段大意,很準(zhǔn)確,所以,B 是答案。
    3. D 第五段介紹了發(fā)明納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)之前的一些納米等級(jí)的機(jī)械產(chǎn)品,如體積大一些的納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),微型發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī),納米傳送帶,納米機(jī)器等。選項(xiàng) D 概括了本段的大意,所以是答案。
    4. F 第六段預(yù)想了納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的用途,如用于光電路以改變光的方向 (redirect light) 和驅(qū)動(dòng)納米機(jī)器進(jìn)入人體,消滅病灶。選項(xiàng) F 是答案,因?yàn)?"Possible fields of application in the future" 概括了本段的大意。
    5. A 答案是 A.題干出現(xiàn) doctors envision,選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容應(yīng)與醫(yī)學(xué)有關(guān),選項(xiàng) A 是 remove disease, 正好與題干的內(nèi)容相配,是答案。短文第一段和最后一段也提到納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)入人體消滅病灶的可能性,證明了選 A 是正確的。
    6. B 選B的依據(jù)是第三段第一句 "surface tension -- the tendency of atoms or molecules to resist separating -- becomes more important at small scales".
    7. F 題干的 nanoconveyor 提示我們,納米傳送帶的功能自然是傳送納米等級(jí)的物體,所以,F(xiàn) 是答案。
    8. C 題干的 Applying a small electric current…在第二段能找到,該段講的是納米發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的工作原理。如果了解原子在兩小滴金屬熔液中來回運(yùn)動(dòng),產(chǎn)生動(dòng)力,就會(huì)知道 C 是答案。