自考“英語(一)”筆記(28)

字號:

10.nuclear adj. 核子的,核能的;中心的
    Mao Zetong used to say that under no circumstances would China be the first to use nuclear weapons.
    (毛澤東曾經(jīng)說過在任何情況下,中國都不會第一個使用核武器。)
    Greece was once a nuclear civilization of the world. (希臘一度是世界文明的中心。)
    a nuclear explosion 核爆炸 nuclear electricity 核電力
    a nuclear power plant 核電站 nuclear technology 核技術(shù)
    the nuclear age 核時代 nuclear monopoly 核壟斷
    nuclear waste 核廢料 a nuclear nation 擁有核武器的國家
    nuclear bomb 核彈 nuclear disarmament 核裁軍
    nuclear family 核心家庭 nuclear-free zone 無核區(qū)
    nuclear fuel 核燃料 nuclear reactor 核反應(yīng)堆
    11. nucleus n. 核,核心,中心;起點,開始
    These young people formed the nucleus of the internet bar. (這些年輕人成了網(wǎng)吧的核心。)
    The strange behavior of the absent-minded professor became the nucleus of all the stories.
    (“心不在焉”教授的奇異舉止成為所有故事的中心內(nèi)容。)
    12. agricultural adj. 農(nóng)業(yè)的
    agriculture n. 農(nóng)業(yè)
    More and more modern agricultural methods are used in that village.
    (在那個村子里,人們越來越多地使用現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)方法。)
    The agricultural production is on the rise this year. (今年的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)呈上升態(tài)勢。)
    His solution greatly improved the agriculture in this area. (他的方法極大地推動了這一地區(qū)的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。)
    13. industrial adj. 工業(yè)的,產(chǎn)業(yè)的
    industrialize v. (使)工業(yè)化
    The industrial output of this city doubled last year. (去年這個城市的工業(yè)產(chǎn)量增加了一倍。)
    The Industrial Revolution influenced the whole world. (工業(yè)革命影響了全世界。)
    The country has been steadily industrializing. (這個國家一直在穩(wěn)步實現(xiàn)工業(yè)化。)
    14. post-industrial adj. 后工業(yè)化的
    post- 是一個前綴,表示“后”:如:
    post-war policies 戰(zhàn)后政策
    postdoctoral 博士后的
    postgraduate courses 研究生課程
    post-harvest storage 收后貯藏
    postimpressionism 后印象主義
    15.earner n. 賺錢者;獲得收入者
    earnings n. 掙得的財物;收入,利潤
    earn v. 掙得,獲得
    How many earners are there in your family? (你們家?guī)讉€人掙錢?)
    Father is not the only earner in the family. (父親不是家里掙錢的人。)
    What are you going to do with your earnings? (掙來的錢你打算干什么用?)
    He earns 40 dollars a day. (他每天掙四十美元。)
    How did he make his living? (他靠什么謀生?)
    His brave act won him the name of a hero. (他的英勇行為使他得到了英雄的名聲。)
    16. split v. 撕裂;分開;使分裂;分擔(dān) n. 分裂,裂口
    He is splitting the firewood with an axe. (他正用斧子劈木柴。)
    They split the cost of the party between them. (他們兩人分擔(dān)了宴會的費用。)
    They split up after years of marriage. (他們倆結(jié)婚多年之后分開了。)
    She split with her boyfriend last week. (上個星期她與她的男友絕交了。)
    Mother mended a split in my trousers. (媽媽縫好了我褲子上的一條裂縫。)
    split-hair 極其精確的;過分瑣細(xì)的
    split second 一剎那
    split-level 錯層式的
    split personality 分裂人格
    17. divorce v. 離婚;與…離婚  n. 離婚
    The child's parents divorced last month. (這孩子父母上個月離了婚。)
    He divorced his wife. (他同妻子離了婚。)
    I don't think it is possible to divorce sports from politics. (我認(rèn)為把體育與政治分離開來是不可能的。)
    本課主要構(gòu)詞法
    affixation (詞綴法)
    1. 名詞后綴 -ion definition
    2. 名詞后綴 -age marriage
    3. 名詞后綴 -ity security
    4. 形容詞后綴 -al agricultural,industrial,traditional,social
    5. 動詞后綴 -ize industrialize
    本課簡介
    在Families這篇課文中,作者首先告訴我們對于不同的人來說“家庭”有不同的含義,但是家庭意味著某種歸屬這一點是所有人的共識。作者還對核心家庭和大家庭的演變進(jìn)行了分析,從中我們更可以看出家庭成員在家庭中的角色和作用的變化。
    本課語言點
    1. …a group of people related by blood or marriage, …
    句子中的by??膳c某些名詞連用,在名詞前面不加定冠詞the,意思相當(dāng)于“with regard to”,“according to”。請看下面的例句:
    1) He is an Englishman by birth. (他祖籍英國。)
    2) He is a teacher by profession. (他以醫(yī)生為職業(yè)。)
    3) By birth and by education Thomas Jefferson belonged to the highest social class, but he never looked down upon the working-class people.
    (按其出生和所受的教育,托馬斯·杰弗遜都屬于社會的了高階層,但他從來不輕視勞動人民。)
    relate是一個動詞,在句子中的意思是“使聯(lián)系”。請看例句:
    1)It is not difficult for people to relate the result to the cause. (人們要把結(jié)果和原因聯(lián)系起來并不困難。)
    2)It might be more helpful to you if you can relate theory to practice.
    (如果你能把理論和實踐聯(lián)系起來,對你的幫助也許會更大。)
    relate還可解釋為敘述;有關(guān),涉及;相處得好
    1) He related us a story vividly. (他生動地給我們講述了一個故事。)
    2) His talk related to the international situation. (他的講話涉及國際形勢。)
    3) He relates very well to his classmates. (他和同學(xué)們相處得很好。)
    related可以做形容詞用,意思是“有聯(lián)系的,相關(guān)的?!?BR>    1) These four people are closely related to each other. (這四個人聯(lián)系緊密。)
    2) He is very much interesting in painting and the related arts. (他對繪畫及其有關(guān)的藝術(shù)很感興趣。)