★英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力頻道為大家整理的初中英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力mp3下載帶原文：高原反應(yīng)是什么引起的，供大家參考。更多閱讀請(qǐng)查看本站英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力頻道。
What Causes Altitude Sickness? 高原反應(yīng)是什么引起的？
Anyone who has vacationed in the higher elevations of Colorado, such as Vail and Estes Park, will tell you altitude sickness can be a real problem. Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, weakness, dizziness, and difficulty sleeping can plague those visiting areas over eight thousand feet.
任何在科羅拉多的高海拔地區(qū)如韋爾和洛杉磯國(guó)家公園等旅游勝地度過(guò)假的人都會(huì)告訴你，高原反應(yīng)真的是要命的問(wèn)題。食欲不振，惡心，嘔吐，身體虛弱，頭暈，入睡困難等癥狀可能折磨那些在海拔超過(guò)8000英尺區(qū)域旅游的人們。
High Up
高處
Altitude sickness results from the lack of oxygen at high elevations. At thirteen thousand feet, every lungful of air holds only sixty percent of what it would at sea level. Despite that fact, many indigenous people live in areas of low oxygen concentration with few adverse effects. The big question is, how do they survive?
由于海拔較高而缺氧造成高原反應(yīng)。在13000英尺高的地方，肺僅能容納海平面高度時(shí)60%的空氣。盡管如此，許多在低氧地區(qū)的原居民很少有不良反應(yīng)。那么值得我們思考的是，他們是怎樣存活的呢？
The body can adapt to low oxygen levels by making more hemoglobin, an oxygen-carrying molecule in red blood cells. But too much hemoglobin over a long period of time can put a person at risk of blood clots, stroke, or chronic mountain sickness.
在氧氣稀薄的情況下，身體能夠產(chǎn)生一種適應(yīng)環(huán)境的血紅蛋白，這種血紅蛋白即是紅細(xì)胞的氧氣載體。但是太多的血紅蛋白長(zhǎng)時(shí)間存在可能導(dǎo)致人體產(chǎn)生血液凝塊，患上中風(fēng)或者患慢性高原病。
Scientists wondered how mountain people can remain healthy living at high altitudes. To see if genes contribute, scientists analyzed the genomes of three ethnic groups living at altitudes over twelve thousand feet, two from Ethiopia, and Tibetans.
科學(xué)家想知道在高原生活的人們?cè)鯓泳S持健康?？茖W(xué)家們?yōu)榱俗C實(shí)基因是否有關(guān)，他們對(duì)3組生活在超過(guò)12000 英尺區(qū)域種族群體做了染色體分析，其中有兩組人來(lái)自埃塞俄比亞，另外一組來(lái)自西藏。
Oromo
奧羅莫人
One Ethiopian group, the Oromo, cope the same way lowlanders do, by making more hemoglobin. The Amhara and Tibetans, on the other hand, have hemoglobin levels ten percent lower than the Oromo. Does genetic variation account for this?
其中一組的埃塞俄比亞奧羅莫人與其他地方人一樣，他們的身體產(chǎn)生更多的血紅蛋白抵抗低氧環(huán)境。阿姆哈拉人和西藏人的血紅蛋白含量比奧羅莫人低10%左右。是基因變異導(dǎo)致這種情況嗎？
Scientists found that both the Amhara and Tibetan highlanders possessed genetic variants associated with low hemoglobin levels.
科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)阿姆哈拉人和西藏人都有基因變異以維持低血紅蛋白水平。
But they were not the same genes. It appears that each group took a different evolutionary path to achieve the same outcome of dampening the usual response of increased hemoglobin.
但是他們的基因卻不同?？雌饋?lái)他們走了不同的進(jìn)化歷程，卻達(dá)到了相同的結(jié)果，那就是抑制人體在患高空癥時(shí)血紅蛋白的增長(zhǎng)。
How about all those vacationers in Colorado? They will have to make do with their own lowland genes, for now.
在科羅拉多度假的人們?cè)趺崔k呢？目前只能用他們的低地基因來(lái)勉強(qiáng)應(yīng)付了。
What Causes Altitude Sickness? 高原反應(yīng)是什么引起的？
Anyone who has vacationed in the higher elevations of Colorado, such as Vail and Estes Park, will tell you altitude sickness can be a real problem. Loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, weakness, dizziness, and difficulty sleeping can plague those visiting areas over eight thousand feet.
任何在科羅拉多的高海拔地區(qū)如韋爾和洛杉磯國(guó)家公園等旅游勝地度過(guò)假的人都會(huì)告訴你，高原反應(yīng)真的是要命的問(wèn)題。食欲不振，惡心，嘔吐，身體虛弱，頭暈，入睡困難等癥狀可能折磨那些在海拔超過(guò)8000英尺區(qū)域旅游的人們。
High Up
高處
Altitude sickness results from the lack of oxygen at high elevations. At thirteen thousand feet, every lungful of air holds only sixty percent of what it would at sea level. Despite that fact, many indigenous people live in areas of low oxygen concentration with few adverse effects. The big question is, how do they survive?
由于海拔較高而缺氧造成高原反應(yīng)。在13000英尺高的地方，肺僅能容納海平面高度時(shí)60%的空氣。盡管如此，許多在低氧地區(qū)的原居民很少有不良反應(yīng)。那么值得我們思考的是，他們是怎樣存活的呢？
The body can adapt to low oxygen levels by making more hemoglobin, an oxygen-carrying molecule in red blood cells. But too much hemoglobin over a long period of time can put a person at risk of blood clots, stroke, or chronic mountain sickness.
在氧氣稀薄的情況下，身體能夠產(chǎn)生一種適應(yīng)環(huán)境的血紅蛋白，這種血紅蛋白即是紅細(xì)胞的氧氣載體。但是太多的血紅蛋白長(zhǎng)時(shí)間存在可能導(dǎo)致人體產(chǎn)生血液凝塊，患上中風(fēng)或者患慢性高原病。
Scientists wondered how mountain people can remain healthy living at high altitudes. To see if genes contribute, scientists analyzed the genomes of three ethnic groups living at altitudes over twelve thousand feet, two from Ethiopia, and Tibetans.
科學(xué)家想知道在高原生活的人們?cè)鯓泳S持健康?？茖W(xué)家們?yōu)榱俗C實(shí)基因是否有關(guān)，他們對(duì)3組生活在超過(guò)12000 英尺區(qū)域種族群體做了染色體分析，其中有兩組人來(lái)自埃塞俄比亞，另外一組來(lái)自西藏。
Oromo
奧羅莫人
One Ethiopian group, the Oromo, cope the same way lowlanders do, by making more hemoglobin. The Amhara and Tibetans, on the other hand, have hemoglobin levels ten percent lower than the Oromo. Does genetic variation account for this?
其中一組的埃塞俄比亞奧羅莫人與其他地方人一樣，他們的身體產(chǎn)生更多的血紅蛋白抵抗低氧環(huán)境。阿姆哈拉人和西藏人的血紅蛋白含量比奧羅莫人低10%左右。是基因變異導(dǎo)致這種情況嗎？
Scientists found that both the Amhara and Tibetan highlanders possessed genetic variants associated with low hemoglobin levels.
科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)阿姆哈拉人和西藏人都有基因變異以維持低血紅蛋白水平。
But they were not the same genes. It appears that each group took a different evolutionary path to achieve the same outcome of dampening the usual response of increased hemoglobin.
但是他們的基因卻不同?？雌饋?lái)他們走了不同的進(jìn)化歷程，卻達(dá)到了相同的結(jié)果，那就是抑制人體在患高空癥時(shí)血紅蛋白的增長(zhǎng)。
How about all those vacationers in Colorado? They will have to make do with their own lowland genes, for now.
在科羅拉多度假的人們?cè)趺崔k呢？目前只能用他們的低地基因來(lái)勉強(qiáng)應(yīng)付了。