Lesson 37 On Telling the Truth 論講真話
The Victorians, realizing that the greatest Happiness accorded to man is that provided by a happy marriage, endeavoured to pretend that all their marriages were happy. We, for our part, admitting the fact that no feat of intelligence and character is so exacting as that required of two people who desire to live permanently together on a basis of amity, are obsessed by the problem of how to render the basic facts of cohabitation simpler and more reasonable, in order that unhappy marriages may less frequently result. The Victorians would have considered it 'painful' or 'unpleasant' were one to point out that only four marriages out of every ten are anything but forced servitudes. We ourselves start from this very assumption and try to build from it a theory of more sensible relations between the sexes. Of all forms of arrant untruthfulness Victorian optimism
appears to me to have been the most cowardly and the most damaging.
Truth, therefore, is an attitude of the mind. lt is important, if one does not wish to inconvenience and to bore one's friends, not to tell lies. But it is more important not to think lies, or to slide into those mechanical and untruthful habits of thought which are so pleasant and so easy as descents to mental ineptitude. The victorian habit of mind (which I consider to have been a bad habit of mind) was unduly preoccupied by what was socially and morally convenient. Convenience is, however, in all affairs of life, an execrable test of value. One should have the courage to think uncomfortably, since it is only by rejecting the convenient that one can come to think the truth. Not, after all, that there is any such thing as truth. At best we can approach to some relative approximation. On the other hand, there is surely such a thing as untruth. One is generally aware when one has said something, or acted in some way which has left on other people an impression
not strictly in accordance with the facts. One is generally aware, also. when one has thrust aside an inconvenient thought and slid into its place another thought which is convenient. One's awareness in the former case is in general more acute than in the latter, since we are more on the look-out for the lies we utter than for those we merely think. In fact, however, it is the untruthful thought which is the more vicious of the two. Spoken lies are invariably tiresome and may actually be dishonest. But continuous lying in the mind, a disease to which the Anglo-Saxon is peculiarly exposed, spells the destruction of human thought and character.
New words and expressions 生詞短語(yǔ)
（改正）Victoria (1837-1901)
前期是 unrest, alarm.
后期 growing prosperity
industrialism 工業(yè)革命 free trade 自由貿(mào)易
Britain was named workshop of the world.
cession of Hongkong to U.K.
cession 割讓
opium war 鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)
critical realism 批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義
made big fortune = made good money
Charles Dickens
hard times 艱難時(shí)事
middle class 中產(chǎn)階級(jí)
The Tale of Two Cities 雙城記
Oliver Twist 霧都孤兒
Vanity Fair 名利場(chǎng)
status 地位
rank 頭銜
喬治。艾里奧特
Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte
Jane Eyre 簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)
Wuthering Heights 呼嘯山莊
Michelle
Gone with the wind 飄
submit to 屈服于
destined fate 注定的命運(yùn)
turn against her fate 與她的命運(yùn)對(duì)抗
self-portrait 自畫(huà)像
tuberculosis 肺結(jié)核
sorrow 悲痛
simplified version 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)版
original 原著
accordvt.給予
grant同意，給予
grant sb. sth.
He was accorded the permission to enter the
library.
to accord the guest a warm welcome.
endowvt.（二十課）
for one’s part就某人而言
in terms of ourselves
on the part of us
For our part, we have no objection.
my objection 我的反對(duì)意見(jiàn)（24 課）
amityn.友善
harmony,
concordnational concord 民族團(tuán)結(jié)
our family members are/ live in amity/
harmony/ concord.
obsessvt.使煩惱
I’m obsessed with too much assignment.
vexv.使煩惱
annoy vt.使苦惱
irrtatevt.激怒
I’m bored. 我煩了。
obsessvt.迷住
I’m obsessed with sth./ sb.
I’m obsessed with the idea of becoming a
millionaire.
rendervt.致使，給予
A serious illness rendered him rather weak.
(render: 致使)
render thanks to sb. 答謝（render: 給予）
render sb. a favor 給某人幫個(gè)忙
render sth. Inter Enghlish 翻譯
render a role 扮演一個(gè)角色
he renders a role in the movie.
to interpret a role
to play a role
servituden.奴役
He is/ was in servitude. 他沒(méi)自由
sex n.性別
male/ female
weaker, fair, gentle / strong, rougher, sterner
half the sky 半邊天
sex appeal 性感
bad egg壞蛋
dirty dog
arranta.純粹的(否定意義)
sheer
arrant nonsense 一派胡言，
out and out
he is out and out hooligan.
cowardlya.怯懦的
coward 膽小鬼，懦夫
chicken
craven
you two are fighting and finally you cry
craven.
Spare me 饒了我
spineless adj.
spine
shrinking
shrink 縮水
knee 膝蓋
weak kneed
fainthearted 膽小的
slide into不知不覺(jué)得陷入
I slide into the bad habit of smoking.
I slide into the bad habit of rising late.
I’m a late riser.
early riser 早起的人
slip into
inconveniencevt.打擾
trouble 打攪
bore
bother
Probably I trouble you for a minute.
ineptituden. 笨拙的
servitude n. 奴隸狀態(tài)
-tude 是名詞后綴
ept 聰明靈活的
clumsy 笨拙的
competence n. 能力
competentadj.
incompetent無(wú)能的
bungling 笨拙的
unduly ad.過(guò)分地
excess
extreme 極度
moderate 不過(guò)量的
immoderate 過(guò)量的
modest
inmodest
overmuch
due 準(zhǔn)時(shí)
The train is due at severn o’clock.
My book is out. 我的書(shū)到期了。
passport 護(hù)照
renew it 續(xù)借，續(xù)簽
execrablea.惡劣的，令人討厭的
contemptible 令人討厭的
coarse 粗俗的
debased 下賤的，卑鄙的
ignoble 不光彩的
abject 卑鄙的
at best充其量
average student 中等生
at most
at least 至少
rejectvt.丟棄 后跟 habit or idea
discard 后跟 sth. concrete discard the old
clothes
toss toss up 硬幣
abandon
I’m abandoned by the girl.
dump 拋棄
I’m dumped.
I’m rejected.
I’m abandoned.
The relation broke up 關(guān)系斷了
approxiamationn.近似
approxiamate adj.
he is approxiamately an average student.
approciamately = about
acutea.敏銳的
he has acute eyes.他目光敏銳
eagle eye
bat eye 瞎眼
observant eye
decerning eyes
look-outn.警戒
on the look-out for the bad habit
look-outn.守望員
on the alert
alert 警報(bào)
on the guard 小心
vicious a.惡毒的
thrustvt.猛然推開(kāi)
thrust my Enghlish aside
cast aside
thrust one’s way through the
crowd 擠出人群
elbow one’s way
thrust five yuan into my hand 塞給我五元錢(qián)
thrusting 盛氣凌人
expose vt.暴露
Girls don’t want to expose themselves in the
sun.
suntanned 被太陽(yáng)曬黑的
be expose to 暴露在
Students should be exposed to more
reading。學(xué)生應(yīng)該多讀書(shū)。
spellvt.導(dǎo)致，帶來(lái)
lead to
result in
invite
incur
Pride spells failure.驕兵必?cái)?BR> Sloth spells failure.懶惰生出惡果。
Spell n. 咒語(yǔ)
I’m spellbound. 我被迷住了
Anglo-Saxonn. 盎 格 魯 - 撒 克 遜 人
（449-1066）
Roman Empire falls
retreat 撤退
Celtic 凱爾特人
Notes on the text 課文注釋
第一句：The Victorians, realizing that the greatest Happiness accorded to man is that
provided by a happy marriage（后置定語(yǔ)）, endeavoured to pretend that all their marriages
were happy.（主提）
Victorians:那個(gè)時(shí)代的人們
endeavour = try 盡力，嘗試
make effects
accorded to man = given to man
save fighting 拳擊
mental enjoyment 思想的幸福
第二句： for our part, admitting the fact that no featWe,（技巧）of intelligence and character
is so exacting as that required of two people who desire to live permanently together on a
basis of amity, are obsessed by the problem of how to render the basic facts of cohabitation
simpler and more reasonable, in order that unhappy marriages may less frequently result.
render = make
cohabitation 同住
live in sin（罪過(guò)）
abbot 方丈
feat 壯舉，技巧
exacting 精確無(wú)誤，毫厘不差
intelligence = mental work
shoulder the burden 肩負(fù)責(zé)任
in order that （表目的）以便于
result 產(chǎn)生
hand in hand beggars 手牽手的乞丐（沿街乞討的乞丐）
改句型：we admitted that ……..so we were obsessed……
第三句：The Victorians would have considered it 'painful' or 'unpleasant' were one to point
out that only four marriages out of every ten are anything but forced servitudes.
虛擬語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)椴聹y(cè)。
if one were to point out……倒裝句型
four marriages out of every ten 十分之四
anything but 除去
arranged marriage 包辦婚姻 red veil 紅紗
第四句：We ourselves start from this very assumption and try to build from it a theory of
more sensible relations between the sexes. （開(kāi)始論述）
very 修飾名詞，是強(qiáng)調(diào)詞
on the very day, I met the girl. 就在這一天，我見(jiàn)了那個(gè)女孩。
On the very morning 就是那天早晨
from = based on
sensible = reasonable 合理的
第五句：Of all forms of arrant untruthfulness Victorian optimism appears to me to the most
cowardly and the most damaging.
optimism 樂(lè)觀派，樂(lè)觀主義（主語(yǔ)）
have been 過(guò)去完成式，
damaging 危害嚴(yán)重的
介詞短語(yǔ)前置句
Victorian optimism appears to me to have been the most cowardly and the most damaging of
all forms of arrant untruthfulness.
truthful 真實(shí)的，說(shuō)真話的 untruthful 愛(ài)說(shuō)謊的，不真實(shí)的
to face reality 面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)my family is well off/ honeyed.
第二段第一句：Truth, therefore, is an attitude of the mind.（觀點(diǎn)更鮮明）
truth 說(shuō)真話
an attitude of the mind 可替換為 a state of mind 精神狀態(tài)
mental age 心理年齡 moral decay 道德敗壞
第二句： is important, if one does not wish to inconvenience and to bore one's friends, not tolt
tell lies.（進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明）
第三句：But it is more important not to think lies, or to slide into those mechanical and
untruthful habits of thought which are so pleasant and so easy as descents to mental
ineptitude.
think = imagine
slide into 滑進(jìn)去，陷進(jìn)去 mechanical 機(jī)械的
conscious 有意識(shí)的unconscious 無(wú)意識(shí)的
descent 產(chǎn)物，后代mental ineptitude 不動(dòng)腦筋bar 單杠
第四句：The victorian habit of mind (which I consider to have been a bad habit of mind) was
unduly preoccupied by what was socially and morally convenient.
the Victorian habit of mind 維多利亞時(shí)期人們的思維習(xí)慣
preoccupied 占領(lǐng)（滿腦子都是）
unduly = improperly 不太恰當(dāng) convenient 有利的
socially and morally 對(duì)社會(huì)建設(shè)和道德建設(shè) robbery n.搶奪，搶掠 stability 穩(wěn)定
第五句：Convenience is, however, in all affairs of life, an execrable test of value. One should
have the courage to think uncomfortably, since it is only by rejecting the convenient that one
can come to think the truth.
in all affairs of life 在社會(huì)的各個(gè)方面test of value 對(duì)價(jià)值的衡量 execrable 惡劣的
第六句：One should have the courage to think uncomfortably, since it is only by rejecting the
convenient that one can come to think the truth.
rejecting 拋棄掉
第三段：Not, after all, that there is any such thing as truth.（倒裝句型）At best we can approach to some relative approximation. On the other hand, there is surely such a thing as untruth.（開(kāi)始論述）One is generally aware when one has said something, or acted in some way which has left on other people an impression not strictly in accordance with the facts.
（第二個(gè)論點(diǎn)）One is generally aware, also. when one has thrust aside an inconvenient thought and slid into its place another thought which is convenient. One's awareness in the former case is in general more acute than in the latter, since we are more on the look-out for the lies we utter than for those we merely think. In fact, however, it is the untruthful thought which is the more vicious of the two. Spoken lies are invariably tiresome and may actually be dishonest. But continuous lying
in the mind, a disease to which the Anglo-Saxon is peculiarly exposed, spells the destruction of human thought and character.
after all 畢竟，歸根到底
at best 充其量approach = get close to 沒(méi)有絕對(duì)，只有相對(duì)而言。
on the other hand 另一方面前面對(duì)應(yīng)詞組：on the one hand
aware = clearin some way 以某種方式
leave an impression on sb.給某人留下印象
left on other people an impression 介詞短語(yǔ)提前，因?yàn)?impression 后有定語(yǔ)，避免歧義
in accordance with 與……一致
elegance n.高雅，典雅thrust aside = reject
slide into 滑到
acute 敏銳utter = tell
vicious 危害嚴(yán)重的 disease lying in the mind
be exposed to 暴露在……下spells = bring about 帶來(lái)，招致
biographer 傳記作者 diplomat 外交家
Henry Moore
Faulkner
Russell
Bacon
Hemingway
Gissing
O.Henry
Gilbert
Jack London
Maugham
stream of consciousness 意識(shí)流
loose in struture 結(jié)構(gòu)松散
Faulkner
a film maker
Pulitzer prize
Quotations of Chairman Mao
The Victorians, realizing that the greatest Happiness accorded to man is that provided by a happy marriage, endeavoured to pretend that all their marriages were happy. We, for our part, admitting the fact that no feat of intelligence and character is so exacting as that required of two people who desire to live permanently together on a basis of amity, are obsessed by the problem of how to render the basic facts of cohabitation simpler and more reasonable, in order that unhappy marriages may less frequently result. The Victorians would have considered it 'painful' or 'unpleasant' were one to point out that only four marriages out of every ten are anything but forced servitudes. We ourselves start from this very assumption and try to build from it a theory of more sensible relations between the sexes. Of all forms of arrant untruthfulness Victorian optimism
appears to me to have been the most cowardly and the most damaging.
Truth, therefore, is an attitude of the mind. lt is important, if one does not wish to inconvenience and to bore one's friends, not to tell lies. But it is more important not to think lies, or to slide into those mechanical and untruthful habits of thought which are so pleasant and so easy as descents to mental ineptitude. The victorian habit of mind (which I consider to have been a bad habit of mind) was unduly preoccupied by what was socially and morally convenient. Convenience is, however, in all affairs of life, an execrable test of value. One should have the courage to think uncomfortably, since it is only by rejecting the convenient that one can come to think the truth. Not, after all, that there is any such thing as truth. At best we can approach to some relative approximation. On the other hand, there is surely such a thing as untruth. One is generally aware when one has said something, or acted in some way which has left on other people an impression
not strictly in accordance with the facts. One is generally aware, also. when one has thrust aside an inconvenient thought and slid into its place another thought which is convenient. One's awareness in the former case is in general more acute than in the latter, since we are more on the look-out for the lies we utter than for those we merely think. In fact, however, it is the untruthful thought which is the more vicious of the two. Spoken lies are invariably tiresome and may actually be dishonest. But continuous lying in the mind, a disease to which the Anglo-Saxon is peculiarly exposed, spells the destruction of human thought and character.
New words and expressions 生詞短語(yǔ)
（改正）Victoria (1837-1901)
前期是 unrest, alarm.
后期 growing prosperity
industrialism 工業(yè)革命 free trade 自由貿(mào)易
Britain was named workshop of the world.
cession of Hongkong to U.K.
cession 割讓
opium war 鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)
critical realism 批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義
made big fortune = made good money
Charles Dickens
hard times 艱難時(shí)事
middle class 中產(chǎn)階級(jí)
The Tale of Two Cities 雙城記
Oliver Twist 霧都孤兒
Vanity Fair 名利場(chǎng)
status 地位
rank 頭銜
喬治。艾里奧特
Charlotte Bronte and Emily Bronte
Jane Eyre 簡(jiǎn)愛(ài)
Wuthering Heights 呼嘯山莊
Michelle
Gone with the wind 飄
submit to 屈服于
destined fate 注定的命運(yùn)
turn against her fate 與她的命運(yùn)對(duì)抗
self-portrait 自畫(huà)像
tuberculosis 肺結(jié)核
sorrow 悲痛
simplified version 簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)版
original 原著
accordvt.給予
grant同意，給予
grant sb. sth.
He was accorded the permission to enter the
library.
to accord the guest a warm welcome.
endowvt.（二十課）
for one’s part就某人而言
in terms of ourselves
on the part of us
For our part, we have no objection.
my objection 我的反對(duì)意見(jiàn)（24 課）
amityn.友善
harmony,
concordnational concord 民族團(tuán)結(jié)
our family members are/ live in amity/
harmony/ concord.
obsessvt.使煩惱
I’m obsessed with too much assignment.
vexv.使煩惱
annoy vt.使苦惱
irrtatevt.激怒
I’m bored. 我煩了。
obsessvt.迷住
I’m obsessed with sth./ sb.
I’m obsessed with the idea of becoming a
millionaire.
rendervt.致使，給予
A serious illness rendered him rather weak.
(render: 致使)
render thanks to sb. 答謝（render: 給予）
render sb. a favor 給某人幫個(gè)忙
render sth. Inter Enghlish 翻譯
render a role 扮演一個(gè)角色
he renders a role in the movie.
to interpret a role
to play a role
servituden.奴役
He is/ was in servitude. 他沒(méi)自由
sex n.性別
male/ female
weaker, fair, gentle / strong, rougher, sterner
half the sky 半邊天
sex appeal 性感
bad egg壞蛋
dirty dog
arranta.純粹的(否定意義)
sheer
arrant nonsense 一派胡言，
out and out
he is out and out hooligan.
cowardlya.怯懦的
coward 膽小鬼，懦夫
chicken
craven
you two are fighting and finally you cry
craven.
Spare me 饒了我
spineless adj.
spine
shrinking
shrink 縮水
knee 膝蓋
weak kneed
fainthearted 膽小的
slide into不知不覺(jué)得陷入
I slide into the bad habit of smoking.
I slide into the bad habit of rising late.
I’m a late riser.
early riser 早起的人
slip into
inconveniencevt.打擾
trouble 打攪
bore
bother
Probably I trouble you for a minute.
ineptituden. 笨拙的
servitude n. 奴隸狀態(tài)
-tude 是名詞后綴
ept 聰明靈活的
clumsy 笨拙的
competence n. 能力
competentadj.
incompetent無(wú)能的
bungling 笨拙的
unduly ad.過(guò)分地
excess
extreme 極度
moderate 不過(guò)量的
immoderate 過(guò)量的
modest
inmodest
overmuch
due 準(zhǔn)時(shí)
The train is due at severn o’clock.
My book is out. 我的書(shū)到期了。
passport 護(hù)照
renew it 續(xù)借，續(xù)簽
execrablea.惡劣的，令人討厭的
contemptible 令人討厭的
coarse 粗俗的
debased 下賤的，卑鄙的
ignoble 不光彩的
abject 卑鄙的
at best充其量
average student 中等生
at most
at least 至少
rejectvt.丟棄 后跟 habit or idea
discard 后跟 sth. concrete discard the old
clothes
toss toss up 硬幣
abandon
I’m abandoned by the girl.
dump 拋棄
I’m dumped.
I’m rejected.
I’m abandoned.
The relation broke up 關(guān)系斷了
approxiamationn.近似
approxiamate adj.
he is approxiamately an average student.
approciamately = about
acutea.敏銳的
he has acute eyes.他目光敏銳
eagle eye
bat eye 瞎眼
observant eye
decerning eyes
look-outn.警戒
on the look-out for the bad habit
look-outn.守望員
on the alert
alert 警報(bào)
on the guard 小心
vicious a.惡毒的
thrustvt.猛然推開(kāi)
thrust my Enghlish aside
cast aside
thrust one’s way through the
crowd 擠出人群
elbow one’s way
thrust five yuan into my hand 塞給我五元錢(qián)
thrusting 盛氣凌人
expose vt.暴露
Girls don’t want to expose themselves in the
sun.
suntanned 被太陽(yáng)曬黑的
be expose to 暴露在
Students should be exposed to more
reading。學(xué)生應(yīng)該多讀書(shū)。
spellvt.導(dǎo)致，帶來(lái)
lead to
result in
invite
incur
Pride spells failure.驕兵必?cái)?BR> Sloth spells failure.懶惰生出惡果。
Spell n. 咒語(yǔ)
I’m spellbound. 我被迷住了
Anglo-Saxonn. 盎 格 魯 - 撒 克 遜 人
（449-1066）
Roman Empire falls
retreat 撤退
Celtic 凱爾特人
Notes on the text 課文注釋
第一句：The Victorians, realizing that the greatest Happiness accorded to man is that
provided by a happy marriage（后置定語(yǔ)）, endeavoured to pretend that all their marriages
were happy.（主提）
Victorians:那個(gè)時(shí)代的人們
endeavour = try 盡力，嘗試
make effects
accorded to man = given to man
save fighting 拳擊
mental enjoyment 思想的幸福
第二句： for our part, admitting the fact that no featWe,（技巧）of intelligence and character
is so exacting as that required of two people who desire to live permanently together on a
basis of amity, are obsessed by the problem of how to render the basic facts of cohabitation
simpler and more reasonable, in order that unhappy marriages may less frequently result.
render = make
cohabitation 同住
live in sin（罪過(guò)）
abbot 方丈
feat 壯舉，技巧
exacting 精確無(wú)誤，毫厘不差
intelligence = mental work
shoulder the burden 肩負(fù)責(zé)任
in order that （表目的）以便于
result 產(chǎn)生
hand in hand beggars 手牽手的乞丐（沿街乞討的乞丐）
改句型：we admitted that ……..so we were obsessed……
第三句：The Victorians would have considered it 'painful' or 'unpleasant' were one to point
out that only four marriages out of every ten are anything but forced servitudes.
虛擬語(yǔ)氣，因?yàn)椴聹y(cè)。
if one were to point out……倒裝句型
four marriages out of every ten 十分之四
anything but 除去
arranged marriage 包辦婚姻 red veil 紅紗
第四句：We ourselves start from this very assumption and try to build from it a theory of
more sensible relations between the sexes. （開(kāi)始論述）
very 修飾名詞，是強(qiáng)調(diào)詞
on the very day, I met the girl. 就在這一天，我見(jiàn)了那個(gè)女孩。
On the very morning 就是那天早晨
from = based on
sensible = reasonable 合理的
第五句：Of all forms of arrant untruthfulness Victorian optimism appears to me to the most
cowardly and the most damaging.
optimism 樂(lè)觀派，樂(lè)觀主義（主語(yǔ)）
have been 過(guò)去完成式，
damaging 危害嚴(yán)重的
介詞短語(yǔ)前置句
Victorian optimism appears to me to have been the most cowardly and the most damaging of
all forms of arrant untruthfulness.
truthful 真實(shí)的，說(shuō)真話的 untruthful 愛(ài)說(shuō)謊的，不真實(shí)的
to face reality 面對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)my family is well off/ honeyed.
第二段第一句：Truth, therefore, is an attitude of the mind.（觀點(diǎn)更鮮明）
truth 說(shuō)真話
an attitude of the mind 可替換為 a state of mind 精神狀態(tài)
mental age 心理年齡 moral decay 道德敗壞
第二句： is important, if one does not wish to inconvenience and to bore one's friends, not tolt
tell lies.（進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明）
第三句：But it is more important not to think lies, or to slide into those mechanical and
untruthful habits of thought which are so pleasant and so easy as descents to mental
ineptitude.
think = imagine
slide into 滑進(jìn)去，陷進(jìn)去 mechanical 機(jī)械的
conscious 有意識(shí)的unconscious 無(wú)意識(shí)的
descent 產(chǎn)物，后代mental ineptitude 不動(dòng)腦筋bar 單杠
第四句：The victorian habit of mind (which I consider to have been a bad habit of mind) was
unduly preoccupied by what was socially and morally convenient.
the Victorian habit of mind 維多利亞時(shí)期人們的思維習(xí)慣
preoccupied 占領(lǐng)（滿腦子都是）
unduly = improperly 不太恰當(dāng) convenient 有利的
socially and morally 對(duì)社會(huì)建設(shè)和道德建設(shè) robbery n.搶奪，搶掠 stability 穩(wěn)定
第五句：Convenience is, however, in all affairs of life, an execrable test of value. One should
have the courage to think uncomfortably, since it is only by rejecting the convenient that one
can come to think the truth.
in all affairs of life 在社會(huì)的各個(gè)方面test of value 對(duì)價(jià)值的衡量 execrable 惡劣的
第六句：One should have the courage to think uncomfortably, since it is only by rejecting the
convenient that one can come to think the truth.
rejecting 拋棄掉
第三段：Not, after all, that there is any such thing as truth.（倒裝句型）At best we can approach to some relative approximation. On the other hand, there is surely such a thing as untruth.（開(kāi)始論述）One is generally aware when one has said something, or acted in some way which has left on other people an impression not strictly in accordance with the facts.
（第二個(gè)論點(diǎn)）One is generally aware, also. when one has thrust aside an inconvenient thought and slid into its place another thought which is convenient. One's awareness in the former case is in general more acute than in the latter, since we are more on the look-out for the lies we utter than for those we merely think. In fact, however, it is the untruthful thought which is the more vicious of the two. Spoken lies are invariably tiresome and may actually be dishonest. But continuous lying
in the mind, a disease to which the Anglo-Saxon is peculiarly exposed, spells the destruction of human thought and character.
after all 畢竟，歸根到底
at best 充其量approach = get close to 沒(méi)有絕對(duì)，只有相對(duì)而言。
on the other hand 另一方面前面對(duì)應(yīng)詞組：on the one hand
aware = clearin some way 以某種方式
leave an impression on sb.給某人留下印象
left on other people an impression 介詞短語(yǔ)提前，因?yàn)?impression 后有定語(yǔ)，避免歧義
in accordance with 與……一致
elegance n.高雅，典雅thrust aside = reject
slide into 滑到
acute 敏銳utter = tell
vicious 危害嚴(yán)重的 disease lying in the mind
be exposed to 暴露在……下spells = bring about 帶來(lái)，招致
biographer 傳記作者 diplomat 外交家
Henry Moore
Faulkner
Russell
Bacon
Hemingway
Gissing
O.Henry
Gilbert
Jack London
Maugham
stream of consciousness 意識(shí)流
loose in struture 結(jié)構(gòu)松散
Faulkner
a film maker
Pulitzer prize
Quotations of Chairman Mao