在雅思寫作中，一旦確定了topic，接下來就要確定寫作的task。
Task會告訴你應該怎樣回答題目中的問題。
在分析題目時，task是很重要的一部分。因為寫作成績的25%是基于“Task Response”。
How do I identify the task?
你是否回答了題目中的問題，考官會評價你的“Task Respond”的標準，答案不全面會影響你這部分的分數(shù)。
我們來看一下在上一篇中用到的例子。
The crime rate among teenagers has increased dramatically in many countries.
Discuss some possible reasons for this increase and suggest solutions.
在上一篇中，我們確定了topic是‘teenage crime’。
Task(what you have to do)通常出現(xiàn)在題目的結(jié)尾處。
在這一題中，你需要做的是‘Discuss some possible reasons for this increase and suggestsolutions’。
這在雅思作文task2中很常見，題目通常會對你的作文所包含的內(nèi)容作出要求。
這一題要求你的作文包含兩方面內(nèi)容：
1. Why teenage crime has increased
2. Ways to solve this problem
你要在作文中討論這兩個問題，而且這兩個問題的篇幅應該是差不多的。
寫作時注意以下幾點，這幾點會拉低你的分數(shù)：
1. 只寫reasons或solutions;
2. 提到reasons的篇幅和提到solutions的篇幅差距太大;
3. 作文中既沒有reasons也沒有solutions。
所以審題尤其重要，要確定作文所包含的內(nèi)容。
A Common Mistake
考生通常會犯一個錯誤，那就是一開始就急于完成，以至于寫作的內(nèi)容不當。
但如果你先確定了寫作內(nèi)容，接下來就會組織好你的語言。可能你會想出幾個犯罪率上升的原因，如'lack of parental supervision'或‘boredom’等等。
但如果你寫‘more young people being put in prison'或是 ‘stress for their parents'，就不對了。因為這些是problems而不是reasons。
Other Question Types
上一題目非常簡單，很容易確定作文所寫內(nèi)容。
但在考試中會遇到一些比較難的題目。
大家看下面的例子：
Advances in technology and automation have reduced the need for manual labour. Therefore, working hours should be reduced.
To what extent do you agree?
同樣，我們要看題目結(jié)尾處的要求。
首先要表達是否同意'working hours should be reduced'或是‘ automation (machines) takes over from some human’s duties’。同時還要說明‘how much you agree or disagree ’("to what extent")。
如果你想表達觀點的兩面性，那么就要列出同意的理由以及不同意的理由。換句話說，你的文章要包含兩部分：
1. The advantages of reducing working hours
2. The disadvantages of reducing working hours
而且在開頭和結(jié)尾時要表明自己的觀點。
Identify the Task - Practice
下面我們就來做一些練習吧!
Pick the one that you think best describes what you would write about in order to fully answer all parts of the question.
1. The rising levels of congestion and air pollution found in most of the world cities can be attributed directly to the rapidly increasing number of private cars in use. In order to reverse this decline in the quality of life in cities, attempts must be made to encourage people to use their cars less and public transport more. Discuss possible ways to encourage the use of public transport.
A. Why people have been using cars more and public transport less
B. How to get people to use public transport more
C. The causes of increasing congestion and air pollution.
2. Do the benefits of study abroad justify the difficulties? What advice would you offer to a prospective student?
A. (a) A discussion of the benefits versus the challenges of studying abroad (b) Strategies to cope with studying abroad
B. (a) The benefits of study abroad
C. (a) The benefits of study abroad (b) the difficulties of studying abroad
3. Fresh water has always been a limited resource in some parts of the world. Today, however, growing worldwide demand has made this a global problem. What are the causes of the increased demand and what measure could governments and individuals take to respond to this problem?
A. (a) The problems with using too much water (b) Government solutions (c) Individual solutions
B. How (a) Governments and (b) Individuals can solve water shortage problems.
C. (a) Reasons for increased demand for water (b)Government solutions (c) Individual solutions
4. As global trade increases, many goods including those we use on a daily basis are produced in other countries and transported long distances. Do the benefits of the trend outweigh the drawback?
A. (a) The benefits of this (b) The disadvantages of this (c)Your opinion on whether it is more beneficial or not
B. (a) The benefits of this (b) Your opinion on whether is is more beneficial or not
C. (a) The disadvantages of this (b) Your opinion on whether it is more beneficial or not
5. Some people feel that animals should have the same rights as humans, but others think they are not as equal or intelligent as us so should not have the same rights. Discuss both opinions and give your opinion.
A. (a) The arguments for giving animals rights (b) The arguments against this
B. (a) Arguments for having animal rights (b) The arguments against this (c) Your opinion
C. (a) The reasons why animals are not as equal or intelligent as humans
6. Currently there is a trend towards the use of alternative forms of medicine. However, at best these methods are ineffective, and at worst they may be dangerous. To what extent do you agree with this statement?
A. (a) How alternative medicine differs from Conventional medicine
B. (a) The dangers of alternative medicine
C. (a) The benefits of alternative medicine (b) The drawbacks of alternative medicine (c) Your opinion
7. Overpopulation of urban areas has led to numerous problems. Identify one or two serious ones and suggest ways that governments and individuals can tackle these problems.
A. (a) Problems of overpopulation in urban areas (b)Government solutions (c) Individual solutions
B. (a) The problems of overpopulation (b) The solutions
C. (a) How governments can tackle urban overpopulation (b)How individuals can tackle urban overpopulation.
8. Computers should never have been invented. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement?
A. (a) The reasons why computers were invented (b) The benefits of computers (c) Your opinion.
B. (a) The problems with computers (b) Solutions to these problems.
C. (a) The benefits of computers (b) The drawbacks of computers (c) Your opinion
9. Unemployment has become an increasing problem in the recent past. What factors contribute to an increase in unemployment and what steps can be taken to solve the problem?
A. (a) The causes of increasing unemployment (b) How to solve this problem
B. (a) The problems with increasing unemployment (b) How to solve this problem.
C. (a) The reasons why unemployment is increasing.
10. Some people think that young children should be allowed to do paid work, while others think that this should be illegal. Discuss both opinions and give your opinion.
A. (a) The advantages of allowing children to do paid work (b)Your opinion.
B. (a) The advantages of allowing children to do paid work (b)The disadvantages this (c) Your opinion.
C. (a) The problems of allowing children to do paid work (b)The benefits of allowing them to do paid work.