課文詳注 Further notes on the text
1.a(chǎn) long way west of Samoa, 位于薩摩亞群島以西。
這個(gè)短語補(bǔ)充說明 Wallis Island 的位置。表示方向(東、南等)的詞后面可以直接加 of+地名,前面也不用加任何介詞:
Shanghai is south of Beijing.
上海在北京以南。
2.over the years, 多年來。
over 表示“在……期間/之中”:
He worked very hard over the last two years.
過去兩年中他工作努力。
3.By this time, a Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition was rare and worth rescuing. 到了那個(gè)時(shí)候,狀況良好的蘭開斯特轟炸機(jī)實(shí)屬罕見,值得搶救。
(1)reasonable在這里表示“尚好的”、“過得去的”,用于表示價(jià)錢時(shí),它指“公道的”、“合理的”、“不貴的”等:
The house is in reasonable condition.
這座房子狀況尚好。
The price of the dress is reasonable.
這件衣服不算貴。
(2)worth 可表示“值得”、“具有……的價(jià)值”,后面跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞:
This book is worth buying.
這本書值得買。
That park is worth a visit.
那個(gè)公園值得一去。
4.The French authorities bad the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France. 法國政府讓人把飛機(jī)包裝起來,一部分一部分地搬回法國。
句中 have為使役動(dòng)詞,表示“使”,后面加名詞/代詞加過去分詞。packaged和 moved 都屬于這種結(jié)構(gòu)。(cf. 本課語法)
5.A colony of bees had turned the engine into a hive…一群蜜蜂把發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)當(dāng)做了蜂房……
colony 作量詞表示“群”時(shí),往往用于蜜蜂、螞蟻等。
turn into表示“把……改變成……”:
When it is cold enough, water is turnd into ice.
冷到一定程度時(shí),水就變成了冰。
語法 Grammar in use
使役式(The causative)
(1)動(dòng)詞 have 除了可以作為助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成完成時(shí)以外,還可以作為完全動(dòng)詞表示“擁有”或代替 take, eat, receive, experience 等動(dòng)詞(cf. 第18課語法):
Did you have a good meal?
您吃得好嗎?
He has five cars.
他有5輛汽車。
have+名詞可以代替普通動(dòng)詞(cf.第42課語法):
They had a nice swim.
他們很暢快地游了泳。
(2)have作為完全動(dòng)詞還可以構(gòu)成使役式,其形式為: have+名詞或賓格代詞+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。由于have是完全動(dòng)詞,所以其疑問句與否定句由do/did構(gòu)成。與被動(dòng)語態(tài)相似,使役式著重表示的是對(duì)某物(或某人)做了什么而不是某人做了什么。試比較:
用被動(dòng)語態(tài)或使役式時(shí),我們可能不知道或認(rèn)為不必指明為我們服務(wù)的人是誰。然而,使役式比被動(dòng)語態(tài)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)“使”別人為我們服務(wù)這一事實(shí)。我們要表示讓別人為我們做某事時(shí),通常不用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。讓別人給理發(fā)時(shí),不可說I want to cut my hair而要說 I want to have my hair cut。
使役式也可以用以指人:
While I'm away, I'll have you looked after.
我不在的時(shí)候,我會(huì)讓人照顧你的。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.集合名詞
集合名詞表示的是由若干個(gè)體組成的集合體,如 family(家庭,一家人),team(隊(duì)),crew(船、飛機(jī)等上的全體工作人員),audience(觀眾),government(政府),staff(全體職員/教員),class (班,班級(jí))等。如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)作為整體的集體,則后面的動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)組成集體的每個(gè)人,則后面的動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù):
2.imagine vt.
(1)想像:
Can you imagine their surprise and delight?
你能想像得出他們的驚奇和快樂嗎?
I thought I heard something, but perhaps I was imagining it.
我覺得我(好像)聽到了什么動(dòng)靜,不過也許這只是我的想像。
(2)料想,猜想:
imagine you'd like to rest after your long journey.
我想你在長途旅行之后肯定愿意休息一下。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
A had the plane packaged, (had the plane) moved, have the plane restored, have only three of them rebuilt
B 1 The French authorities had the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France.
2 A group of enthusiasts are going to have the plane restored.
3 The group will need to have only three of the engines rebuilt.
C 1 He is having a new house built.
2 She will have a new dress made.
3 I did not have the house decorated.
4 They had the washing machine repaired.
5 We must have this dangerous tree cut down.
6 We have to have this new television set installed.
2.難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案
1 has 2 were 3 Have 4 is
3.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
1c 2b 3a 4a 5d 6a
7 a 8b 9a 10b 11b 12 a
1.a(chǎn) long way west of Samoa, 位于薩摩亞群島以西。
這個(gè)短語補(bǔ)充說明 Wallis Island 的位置。表示方向(東、南等)的詞后面可以直接加 of+地名,前面也不用加任何介詞:
Shanghai is south of Beijing.
上海在北京以南。
2.over the years, 多年來。
over 表示“在……期間/之中”:
He worked very hard over the last two years.
過去兩年中他工作努力。
3.By this time, a Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition was rare and worth rescuing. 到了那個(gè)時(shí)候,狀況良好的蘭開斯特轟炸機(jī)實(shí)屬罕見,值得搶救。
(1)reasonable在這里表示“尚好的”、“過得去的”,用于表示價(jià)錢時(shí),它指“公道的”、“合理的”、“不貴的”等:
The house is in reasonable condition.
這座房子狀況尚好。
The price of the dress is reasonable.
這件衣服不算貴。
(2)worth 可表示“值得”、“具有……的價(jià)值”,后面跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞:
This book is worth buying.
這本書值得買。
That park is worth a visit.
那個(gè)公園值得一去。
4.The French authorities bad the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France. 法國政府讓人把飛機(jī)包裝起來,一部分一部分地搬回法國。
句中 have為使役動(dòng)詞,表示“使”,后面加名詞/代詞加過去分詞。packaged和 moved 都屬于這種結(jié)構(gòu)。(cf. 本課語法)
5.A colony of bees had turned the engine into a hive…一群蜜蜂把發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)當(dāng)做了蜂房……
colony 作量詞表示“群”時(shí),往往用于蜜蜂、螞蟻等。
turn into表示“把……改變成……”:
When it is cold enough, water is turnd into ice.
冷到一定程度時(shí),水就變成了冰。
語法 Grammar in use
使役式(The causative)
(1)動(dòng)詞 have 除了可以作為助動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成完成時(shí)以外,還可以作為完全動(dòng)詞表示“擁有”或代替 take, eat, receive, experience 等動(dòng)詞(cf. 第18課語法):
Did you have a good meal?
您吃得好嗎?
He has five cars.
他有5輛汽車。
have+名詞可以代替普通動(dòng)詞(cf.第42課語法):
They had a nice swim.
他們很暢快地游了泳。
(2)have作為完全動(dòng)詞還可以構(gòu)成使役式,其形式為: have+名詞或賓格代詞+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞。由于have是完全動(dòng)詞,所以其疑問句與否定句由do/did構(gòu)成。與被動(dòng)語態(tài)相似,使役式著重表示的是對(duì)某物(或某人)做了什么而不是某人做了什么。試比較:
用被動(dòng)語態(tài)或使役式時(shí),我們可能不知道或認(rèn)為不必指明為我們服務(wù)的人是誰。然而,使役式比被動(dòng)語態(tài)更加強(qiáng)調(diào)“使”別人為我們服務(wù)這一事實(shí)。我們要表示讓別人為我們做某事時(shí),通常不用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。讓別人給理發(fā)時(shí),不可說I want to cut my hair而要說 I want to have my hair cut。
使役式也可以用以指人:
While I'm away, I'll have you looked after.
我不在的時(shí)候,我會(huì)讓人照顧你的。
詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
1.集合名詞
集合名詞表示的是由若干個(gè)體組成的集合體,如 family(家庭,一家人),team(隊(duì)),crew(船、飛機(jī)等上的全體工作人員),audience(觀眾),government(政府),staff(全體職員/教員),class (班,班級(jí))等。如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)作為整體的集體,則后面的動(dòng)詞用單數(shù);如果要強(qiáng)調(diào)組成集體的每個(gè)人,則后面的動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù):
2.imagine vt.
(1)想像:
Can you imagine their surprise and delight?
你能想像得出他們的驚奇和快樂嗎?
I thought I heard something, but perhaps I was imagining it.
我覺得我(好像)聽到了什么動(dòng)靜,不過也許這只是我的想像。
(2)料想,猜想:
imagine you'd like to rest after your long journey.
我想你在長途旅行之后肯定愿意休息一下。
練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
A had the plane packaged, (had the plane) moved, have the plane restored, have only three of them rebuilt
B 1 The French authorities had the plane packaged and moved in parts back to France.
2 A group of enthusiasts are going to have the plane restored.
3 The group will need to have only three of the engines rebuilt.
C 1 He is having a new house built.
2 She will have a new dress made.
3 I did not have the house decorated.
4 They had the washing machine repaired.
5 We must have this dangerous tree cut down.
6 We have to have this new television set installed.
2.難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案
1 has 2 were 3 Have 4 is
3.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
1c 2b 3a 4a 5d 6a
7 a 8b 9a 10b 11b 12 a