Notes on the text
課文注釋
1 Cutty Sark，“卡蒂薩克”號，19世紀(jì)一艘的帆船。現(xiàn)在這艘船在倫敦格林威治作為展品被保護了起來。在輪船時代以前，它是那時侯快的帆船。
2 both these ships，這兩艘船。
也可寫成 both of these ships或 both ships。
3 The first of the two ships to reach Java…，兩艘船中首先到達爪哇的……。不定式短語 to reach Java此處作定語，修飾 first，中間被另一個修飾 first的介詞短語 of the two ships所分開。
4 take the lead，。
lose one's lead，失去其地位。
5 There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily. 毫無疑問，如果中途沒有失去舵，“卡蒂薩克”號肯定能在比賽中輕易奪冠。這是一個虛擬語氣的句子，是對過去的一種假設(shè)。
參考譯文
人們在格林威治仍可看到19世紀(jì)有名的帆船之一“卡蒂薩克”號。它停在陸地上，每年接待成千上萬的參觀者。它給人們留下深刻的印象，使人們回憶起歷的巨型帆船。在蒸汽船取代帆船之前，“卡蒂薩克”號之類的帆船被用來從中國運回茶葉，從澳大利亞運回羊毛?！翱ǖ偎_克”號是帆船制造建造的快的一艘帆船?？梢耘c之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”號帆船。兩船于1872年6月18日同時從上海啟航駛往英國，途中展開了一場激烈的比賽。這場比賽持續(xù)了整整4個月，是這類比賽中的后，它標(biāo)志著帆船偉大傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)束與一個新紀(jì)元的開始。
比賽開始后，“賽姆皮雷”號率先抵達爪哇島。但在印度洋上，“卡蒂薩克”號駛到了前面?？磥恚紫确档钟谴_信無疑的了，但它卻在比賽中連遭厄運。8月份“卡蒂薩克”號遭到了一場特大風(fēng)暴的襲擊，失去了一只舵。船身左右搖晃，無法操縱。船員用備用的木板在船上趕制了一只應(yīng)急用的舵，并克服重重困難將舵安裝就位。這樣一來，大大降低了船的航速。因為船不能開得太快，否則就有危險，應(yīng)急舵也會被刮走。因為這個緣故，“卡蒂薩克”號落到了后面?？缭匠嗟篮?，船長將船?？吭谝粋€港口，在那兒換了一只舵。但此時，“塞姆皮雷”號早已在500多英里之遙了。盡管換裝新舵時分秒必爭，但“卡蒂薩克”號已經(jīng)不可能取勝了，它抵達英國時比“塞姆皮雷”號晚了 1個星期。但考慮到路上的多次耽擱，這個成績也已很不容易了。毫無疑問，如果中途沒有失去舵，“卡蒂薩克”號肯定能在比賽中輕易奪冠。
Exercises 練習(xí)
1 vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea. (11. 5-6) Write three sentences using the following: I use, I am used to, I used to. (ISD 55a) （參見第2冊第55課難點 a）
2 The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships. (11. 6-7) Write sentences using the words fast and faster than. (IKS 8)（參見第2冊第8課關(guān)鍵句型）
3 these ships set out from Shanghai. (1. 8) Write two sentences using the verbs set off and set up. (ISD 12b) （參見第2冊第12難點b）
4 This race… was the last of its kind. (1. 9) Write two sentences using its and it's. (ISD 20b) （參見第2冊第20課難點 b）
5 she had a lot of bad luck. (1. 13) Write sentences using a lot of, a great many and a great deal of. (IKS 56b) （參見第2冊第56課關(guān)鍵名型b）
6 A temporary rudder was made on board. (11. 14-15) Which of the following words are preceded by on (ISD 80)（參見第二冊第80課難點） and which by in（第2課難點）: fire, ink, common, tears, foot, purpose, love, a hurry.
7 if she travelled too quickly. (1. 16) Write two sentences showing the difference between very and too. (ISD 29c) （參見第2冊第29課難點 c）
8 The captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted. (11. 17-18) Note this use of have. (IKS 66) （參見第2冊第66課關(guān)鍵句型） Write these sentences again using have with the verbs in italics:
He is building a house.
She had cleaned his suit.
9 it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. (1. 19) Write two sentences using the verbs win and beat. (ISD 51c) （參
見第2冊第51課難點c）
Multiple choice questions
多項選擇題
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 The fame of the Cutty Sark rests mainly upon ______ .
a．the number of tourists who come to visit her annually
b．her likeness to other great sailing ships of the past
c．her being one of the last and one of the fastest of a line of great sailing ships
d．her victory in the race against the Thermopylae
2 The race which took place between the Cutty Sark and the Thermopylae was ______ .
a．a(chǎn) landmark in the history of shipping
b．held to celebrate the invention of the steamship
c．held especially for sailing ships on the route from Shanghai to London
d．unusually slow because the Cutty Sark lost her rudder en route
3 During the race, the most remarkable feat of the Cutty Sark was ______ .
a．a(chǎn)lthough last to reach Java, to take the lead on the Indian Ocean
b．the fact that she managed to sail into port without a rudder
c．the speed at which she was sailing while having a new rudder fitted
d．the speed at which she made up the gap between her and the Thermopylae
Structure結(jié)構(gòu)
4 The Cutty Sark ______ at Greenwich. (11. 1-2)
a．is still possible to see
b．is able still to be seen
c．may still be seen
d．is still possibly seen
5 Before ______ , vessels like the Cutty Sark were used … (11. 4-6)
a．steamships replaced sail
b．the steamship replaced the sailing ship
c．steamships replaced sailing
d．the steam replaced the sail
6 It seemed certain that she ______ the first ship home. (1. 12)
a．would go to be
b．would be going to be
c．went
d．was going to be
7 The Thermopylae arrived in England only a weak before ______ . (11. 19-20)
a．she did
b．she was
c．herself
d．she had arrived
8 ______ her rudder, there is no doubt she would have won…(1. 21)
a．That if she had not lost
b．Not having lost
c．Were she not to lose
d．Had she not lost
Vocabulary詞匯
9 ---- on dry land and ______ thousands of visitors each year. (11. 2-3)
a．a(chǎn)ppeals to
b．a(chǎn)ttracts
c．catches
d．pulls
10 On June 18th, 1872 both these ships ______ an exciting race from Shanghai to England. (1. 8)
a．set out on
b．departed for
c．entered
d．went for
11 On the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark went ______ the lead. (11. 11-12)
a．into
b．on
c．for
d．a(chǎn)fter
12 Even this was remarkable, ______ the numerous delays. (11. 20-21)
a．in respect of
b．a(chǎn)ccording to
c．in view of
d．a(chǎn)ccounting
課文注釋
1 Cutty Sark，“卡蒂薩克”號，19世紀(jì)一艘的帆船。現(xiàn)在這艘船在倫敦格林威治作為展品被保護了起來。在輪船時代以前，它是那時侯快的帆船。
2 both these ships，這兩艘船。
也可寫成 both of these ships或 both ships。
3 The first of the two ships to reach Java…，兩艘船中首先到達爪哇的……。不定式短語 to reach Java此處作定語，修飾 first，中間被另一個修飾 first的介詞短語 of the two ships所分開。
4 take the lead，。
lose one's lead，失去其地位。
5 There is no doubt that if she had not lost her rudder she would have won the race easily. 毫無疑問，如果中途沒有失去舵，“卡蒂薩克”號肯定能在比賽中輕易奪冠。這是一個虛擬語氣的句子，是對過去的一種假設(shè)。
參考譯文
人們在格林威治仍可看到19世紀(jì)有名的帆船之一“卡蒂薩克”號。它停在陸地上，每年接待成千上萬的參觀者。它給人們留下深刻的印象，使人們回憶起歷的巨型帆船。在蒸汽船取代帆船之前，“卡蒂薩克”號之類的帆船被用來從中國運回茶葉，從澳大利亞運回羊毛?！翱ǖ偎_克”號是帆船制造建造的快的一艘帆船?？梢耘c之一比高低的是“塞姆皮雷”號帆船。兩船于1872年6月18日同時從上海啟航駛往英國，途中展開了一場激烈的比賽。這場比賽持續(xù)了整整4個月，是這類比賽中的后，它標(biāo)志著帆船偉大傳統(tǒng)的結(jié)束與一個新紀(jì)元的開始。
比賽開始后，“賽姆皮雷”號率先抵達爪哇島。但在印度洋上，“卡蒂薩克”號駛到了前面?？磥恚紫确档钟谴_信無疑的了，但它卻在比賽中連遭厄運。8月份“卡蒂薩克”號遭到了一場特大風(fēng)暴的襲擊，失去了一只舵。船身左右搖晃，無法操縱。船員用備用的木板在船上趕制了一只應(yīng)急用的舵，并克服重重困難將舵安裝就位。這樣一來，大大降低了船的航速。因為船不能開得太快，否則就有危險，應(yīng)急舵也會被刮走。因為這個緣故，“卡蒂薩克”號落到了后面?？缭匠嗟篮?，船長將船?？吭谝粋€港口，在那兒換了一只舵。但此時，“塞姆皮雷”號早已在500多英里之遙了。盡管換裝新舵時分秒必爭，但“卡蒂薩克”號已經(jīng)不可能取勝了，它抵達英國時比“塞姆皮雷”號晚了 1個星期。但考慮到路上的多次耽擱，這個成績也已很不容易了。毫無疑問，如果中途沒有失去舵，“卡蒂薩克”號肯定能在比賽中輕易奪冠。
Exercises 練習(xí)
1 vessels like the Cutty Sark were used to carry tea. (11. 5-6) Write three sentences using the following: I use, I am used to, I used to. (ISD 55a) （參見第2冊第55課難點 a）
2 The Cutty Sark was one of the fastest sailing ships. (11. 6-7) Write sentences using the words fast and faster than. (IKS 8)（參見第2冊第8課關(guān)鍵句型）
3 these ships set out from Shanghai. (1. 8) Write two sentences using the verbs set off and set up. (ISD 12b) （參見第2冊第12難點b）
4 This race… was the last of its kind. (1. 9) Write two sentences using its and it's. (ISD 20b) （參見第2冊第20課難點 b）
5 she had a lot of bad luck. (1. 13) Write sentences using a lot of, a great many and a great deal of. (IKS 56b) （參見第2冊第56課關(guān)鍵名型b）
6 A temporary rudder was made on board. (11. 14-15) Which of the following words are preceded by on (ISD 80)（參見第二冊第80課難點） and which by in（第2課難點）: fire, ink, common, tears, foot, purpose, love, a hurry.
7 if she travelled too quickly. (1. 16) Write two sentences showing the difference between very and too. (ISD 29c) （參見第2冊第29課難點 c）
8 The captain called in at a port to have a new rudder fitted. (11. 17-18) Note this use of have. (IKS 66) （參見第2冊第66課關(guān)鍵句型） Write these sentences again using have with the verbs in italics:
He is building a house.
She had cleaned his suit.
9 it was impossible for the Cutty Sark to win. (1. 19) Write two sentences using the verbs win and beat. (ISD 51c) （參
見第2冊第51課難點c）
Multiple choice questions
多項選擇題
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 The fame of the Cutty Sark rests mainly upon ______ .
a．the number of tourists who come to visit her annually
b．her likeness to other great sailing ships of the past
c．her being one of the last and one of the fastest of a line of great sailing ships
d．her victory in the race against the Thermopylae
2 The race which took place between the Cutty Sark and the Thermopylae was ______ .
a．a(chǎn) landmark in the history of shipping
b．held to celebrate the invention of the steamship
c．held especially for sailing ships on the route from Shanghai to London
d．unusually slow because the Cutty Sark lost her rudder en route
3 During the race, the most remarkable feat of the Cutty Sark was ______ .
a．a(chǎn)lthough last to reach Java, to take the lead on the Indian Ocean
b．the fact that she managed to sail into port without a rudder
c．the speed at which she was sailing while having a new rudder fitted
d．the speed at which she made up the gap between her and the Thermopylae
Structure結(jié)構(gòu)
4 The Cutty Sark ______ at Greenwich. (11. 1-2)
a．is still possible to see
b．is able still to be seen
c．may still be seen
d．is still possibly seen
5 Before ______ , vessels like the Cutty Sark were used … (11. 4-6)
a．steamships replaced sail
b．the steamship replaced the sailing ship
c．steamships replaced sailing
d．the steam replaced the sail
6 It seemed certain that she ______ the first ship home. (1. 12)
a．would go to be
b．would be going to be
c．went
d．was going to be
7 The Thermopylae arrived in England only a weak before ______ . (11. 19-20)
a．she did
b．she was
c．herself
d．she had arrived
8 ______ her rudder, there is no doubt she would have won…(1. 21)
a．That if she had not lost
b．Not having lost
c．Were she not to lose
d．Had she not lost
Vocabulary詞匯
9 ---- on dry land and ______ thousands of visitors each year. (11. 2-3)
a．a(chǎn)ppeals to
b．a(chǎn)ttracts
c．catches
d．pulls
10 On June 18th, 1872 both these ships ______ an exciting race from Shanghai to England. (1. 8)
a．set out on
b．departed for
c．entered
d．went for
11 On the Indian Ocean, the Cutty Sark went ______ the lead. (11. 11-12)
a．into
b．on
c．for
d．a(chǎn)fter
12 Even this was remarkable, ______ the numerous delays. (11. 20-21)
a．in respect of
b．a(chǎn)ccording to
c．in view of
d．a(chǎn)ccounting