Notes on the text
課文注釋
1 on end，連續(xù)不斷的。
2 in many ways，在許多方面。
3 go on repeating，繼續(xù)重復(fù)。 go on加上現(xiàn)在分詞是“繼續(xù)干”的意思。
4 Yet this is not always the case. 然而情況并非總是如此。
5 in the role of…，充當(dāng)……角色。
6 Bastille，巴士底獄。
曾是法國(guó)巴黎的監(jiān)獄。1369年始建時(shí)是一個(gè)要塞，1789年被巴黎市民攻克并搗毀。
7 insisted that it should be written out in full, insist后面所接的賓語(yǔ)從句，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“should +動(dòng)詞原形”，而should又經(jīng)?？梢允÷?。
8 play a joke on…，拿……開(kāi)玩笑。
9 sire是古代仆人對(duì)國(guó)王的一種尊稱(chēng)，現(xiàn)在僅用于故事和劇本。
10 Much to the aristocrat's amusement，使貴族感到非?？尚Φ氖恰?。
much為副詞，此處修飾其后的介詞短語(yǔ) to the aristocrat's amusement. much to＋sb. 's sth. 是一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)，有“給某人帶來(lái)很大的……”的意思。
參考譯文
有些劇目十分成功，以致連續(xù)上演好幾年。這樣一來(lái)，可憐的演員們可倒霉了。因?yàn)樗麄冃枰灰惯B著一夜地重復(fù)同樣的臺(tái)詞。人們以為，這些演員一定會(huì)把臺(tái)詞背得爛熟，絕不會(huì)臨場(chǎng)結(jié)巴的，但情況卻并不總是這樣。
有一位名演員曾在一出極為成功的劇目中扮演一個(gè)貴族角色，這個(gè)貴族已在巴士底獄被關(guān)押了20年。在后一幕中，獄卒手持一封信上場(chǎng)，然后將信交給獄中那位貴族。盡管那個(gè)貴族每場(chǎng)戲都得念一遍那封信，但他還是堅(jiān)持要求將信的全文寫(xiě)在信紙上。
一天晚上，獄卒決定與他的同事開(kāi)一個(gè)玩笑，看看他反復(fù)演出這么多場(chǎng)之后，是否已將信的內(nèi)容記熟了。大幕拉開(kāi)，后一幕戲開(kāi)演，貴族獨(dú)自一人坐在鐵窗后陰暗的牢房里。這時(shí)獄卒上場(chǎng)，手里拿著那封珍貴的信。獄卒走進(jìn)牢房，將信交給貴族。但這回獄卒給貴族的信沒(méi)有像往常那樣把全文寫(xiě)全，而是一張白紙。獄卒熱切地觀察著，急于想了解他的同事是否記熟了臺(tái)詞。貴族盯著白紙看了幾秒種，然后，眼珠一轉(zhuǎn)，說(shuō)道：“光線太暗，請(qǐng)給我讀一下這封信?！闭f(shuō)完，他一下子把信遞給了獄卒。獄卒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己連一個(gè)字也記不住，于是便說(shuō)：“陛下，這兒光線的確太暗了，我得去把眼鏡拿來(lái)?！彼贿呎f(shuō)著，一邊匆匆下臺(tái)。貴族感到非常好笑的是：一會(huì)兒工夫，獄卒重新登臺(tái)，拿來(lái)一副眼鏡以及平時(shí)使用的那封信，然后為那囚犯念了起來(lái)。
Comprehension理解
Give short answers to these questions in your own words as far as possible. Use one complete sentence for each answer.
1 Why are actors in successful plays in many ways unfortunate?
2 In which act of the play was the aristocrat given a letter to read?
3 Why did the gaoler decide to play a joke on the aristocrat?
Vocabulary
詞匯
Explain the meanings of the following words and phrases as they are used in the passage: run (1. 1); on end (1. 1); are required (1. 2); repeating (1. 3); falter (1. 4); role (1. 7); hand (1. 8); in full (1. 9).
Summary writing
摘要寫(xiě)作
In not more than 80 words describe what happened after the curtain went up on the final act of the play. Use your own words as far as possible. Do not include anything that is not in the last paragraph.
Composition
作文
Write a Composition of about 250 words using the ideas given below. Do not write more than four paragraphs.
Title: Six short weeks.
Introduction: A new play called ‘The world tomorrow’ to be shown. Highly advertised ---- public interest ---- cast of famous actors.
Development: First night ---- play not well ---- received ---- supposed to be funny ---- nobody laughed ---- people walked out ---- bad reviews.
Conclusion: The play ran for six weeks ---- last performance ---- small audience ---- actors struggled through ---- the audience found the last line of the play very funny: ‘Our six short weeks have hastened to their end. ’ Even the actors laughed.
Letter writing
書(shū)信寫(xiě)作
Write five sentences which could be used to begin a letter and five sentences which could be used to end one.
Key structures and Special difficulties
關(guān)鍵句型和難點(diǎn)
Exercises 練習(xí)
1 Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. (1. 1) Write three sentences illustrating the use of so …that; such… that; and such a … that. (ISD 35) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第35課難點(diǎn)）
2 In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage. (11. 7-8) Which verb could be used in place of would here? Write two sentences illustrating the use of would and used to. (IKS 55b) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第55課關(guān)鍵句型b）
3 The noble was expected to read the letter at each performance. He always insisted that it should be written out in full. (11. 8-9) Join these two sentences, then compare your answer with the sentence in the passage. (IKS 49) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第49課關(guān)鍵句型）
4 He always insisted that it should be written out in full. (1. 9) Write sentences using the following: He suggested that … He insisted that … He demanded that … (IKS 63) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第63題關(guān)鍵句型）
5 He had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart. (1. 11) Write two sentences showing how managed to can be used as the opposite of could not. (IKS 67c) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第67課關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)c）
6 He entered the cell. He presented the letter to the aristocrat. (1. 13) Join these two sentences, then compare your answer with the sentence in the passage. (IKS 25) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第25課關(guān)鍵句型）
7 The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper. (11. 15-16) Write sentences using the verbs throw at and point at. (IKS 33e) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第33課關(guān)鍵句型e）
8 I must get my glasses. (1. 18) Which verb can we use in place of must here? (IKS 17a) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第17課關(guān)鍵句型a）
Multiple choice questions
多項(xiàng)選擇題
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 Which of the following proverbs suits the gist of the story best?
a．He laughs best, who laughs last.
b．Speech is silver, but silence is golden.
c．Look before you leap.
d．Don't count your chickens before they are hatched.
2 The play in which the two actors took part ______ .
a．had had a highly successful run of twenty years
b．was about the plight of a nobleman
c．ended with the imprisonment of the aristocrat
d．had been performed so often that audiences were bored by it
3 a．he improvised the words which he had forgotten
b．the gaoler was eagerly waiting to take the aristocrat's part
c．he pretended that the light was not good enough for him to read by
d．he asked the gaoler to fetch him some glasses
Structure 結(jié)構(gòu)
4 A gaoler would come on stage with a letter ______ to the prisoner. (11. 7-8)
a．to be delivering
b．a(chǎn)nd delivered
c．to deliver
d．delivered
5 He always insisted ______ in full. (1. 9)
a．on its being written out
b．on writing it out
c．to have it written out
d．that it would have to be written out
6 -to find out if he ______ the contents of the letter by heart. (11. 10-11)
a．had known
b．was knowing
c．knew
d．know
7 But he gave ______ which had not been written out in full. (11. 13-14)
a．the copy to him
b．a(chǎn) copy him
c．him a copy
d．him the copy
8 ______ remember a word of the letter, so he replied … (11. 17-18)
a．But neither could the gaoler
b．Nor the gaoler could
c．Also the gaoler could not
d．Either the gaoler could not
Vocabulary
詞匯
9 The gaoler decided to ______ his colleague. (1. 10)
a．have a joke with
b．play the fool with
c．make fun of
d．play a trick on
10 He wanted to see if his fellow actor had ______ learnt his lines. (11. 10-11)
a．lastly
b．in the end
c．conclusively
d．finally
11 Then, ______ about him, he said, … (1. 16)
a．searching
b．peering
c．blinking
d．staring
12 Agreeing that the light was dim, the gaoler ______ he would get his glasses. (1. 18)
a．spoke
b．informed
c．said
d．rejoined
課文注釋
1 on end，連續(xù)不斷的。
2 in many ways，在許多方面。
3 go on repeating，繼續(xù)重復(fù)。 go on加上現(xiàn)在分詞是“繼續(xù)干”的意思。
4 Yet this is not always the case. 然而情況并非總是如此。
5 in the role of…，充當(dāng)……角色。
6 Bastille，巴士底獄。
曾是法國(guó)巴黎的監(jiān)獄。1369年始建時(shí)是一個(gè)要塞，1789年被巴黎市民攻克并搗毀。
7 insisted that it should be written out in full, insist后面所接的賓語(yǔ)從句，常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣“should +動(dòng)詞原形”，而should又經(jīng)?？梢允÷?。
8 play a joke on…，拿……開(kāi)玩笑。
9 sire是古代仆人對(duì)國(guó)王的一種尊稱(chēng)，現(xiàn)在僅用于故事和劇本。
10 Much to the aristocrat's amusement，使貴族感到非?？尚Φ氖恰?。
much為副詞，此處修飾其后的介詞短語(yǔ) to the aristocrat's amusement. much to＋sb. 's sth. 是一個(gè)常見(jiàn)的狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)，有“給某人帶來(lái)很大的……”的意思。
參考譯文
有些劇目十分成功，以致連續(xù)上演好幾年。這樣一來(lái)，可憐的演員們可倒霉了。因?yàn)樗麄冃枰灰惯B著一夜地重復(fù)同樣的臺(tái)詞。人們以為，這些演員一定會(huì)把臺(tái)詞背得爛熟，絕不會(huì)臨場(chǎng)結(jié)巴的，但情況卻并不總是這樣。
有一位名演員曾在一出極為成功的劇目中扮演一個(gè)貴族角色，這個(gè)貴族已在巴士底獄被關(guān)押了20年。在后一幕中，獄卒手持一封信上場(chǎng)，然后將信交給獄中那位貴族。盡管那個(gè)貴族每場(chǎng)戲都得念一遍那封信，但他還是堅(jiān)持要求將信的全文寫(xiě)在信紙上。
一天晚上，獄卒決定與他的同事開(kāi)一個(gè)玩笑，看看他反復(fù)演出這么多場(chǎng)之后，是否已將信的內(nèi)容記熟了。大幕拉開(kāi)，后一幕戲開(kāi)演，貴族獨(dú)自一人坐在鐵窗后陰暗的牢房里。這時(shí)獄卒上場(chǎng)，手里拿著那封珍貴的信。獄卒走進(jìn)牢房，將信交給貴族。但這回獄卒給貴族的信沒(méi)有像往常那樣把全文寫(xiě)全，而是一張白紙。獄卒熱切地觀察著，急于想了解他的同事是否記熟了臺(tái)詞。貴族盯著白紙看了幾秒種，然后，眼珠一轉(zhuǎn)，說(shuō)道：“光線太暗，請(qǐng)給我讀一下這封信?！闭f(shuō)完，他一下子把信遞給了獄卒。獄卒發(fā)現(xiàn)自己連一個(gè)字也記不住，于是便說(shuō)：“陛下，這兒光線的確太暗了，我得去把眼鏡拿來(lái)?！彼贿呎f(shuō)著，一邊匆匆下臺(tái)。貴族感到非常好笑的是：一會(huì)兒工夫，獄卒重新登臺(tái)，拿來(lái)一副眼鏡以及平時(shí)使用的那封信，然后為那囚犯念了起來(lái)。
Comprehension理解
Give short answers to these questions in your own words as far as possible. Use one complete sentence for each answer.
1 Why are actors in successful plays in many ways unfortunate?
2 In which act of the play was the aristocrat given a letter to read?
3 Why did the gaoler decide to play a joke on the aristocrat?
Vocabulary
詞匯
Explain the meanings of the following words and phrases as they are used in the passage: run (1. 1); on end (1. 1); are required (1. 2); repeating (1. 3); falter (1. 4); role (1. 7); hand (1. 8); in full (1. 9).
Summary writing
摘要寫(xiě)作
In not more than 80 words describe what happened after the curtain went up on the final act of the play. Use your own words as far as possible. Do not include anything that is not in the last paragraph.
Composition
作文
Write a Composition of about 250 words using the ideas given below. Do not write more than four paragraphs.
Title: Six short weeks.
Introduction: A new play called ‘The world tomorrow’ to be shown. Highly advertised ---- public interest ---- cast of famous actors.
Development: First night ---- play not well ---- received ---- supposed to be funny ---- nobody laughed ---- people walked out ---- bad reviews.
Conclusion: The play ran for six weeks ---- last performance ---- small audience ---- actors struggled through ---- the audience found the last line of the play very funny: ‘Our six short weeks have hastened to their end. ’ Even the actors laughed.
Letter writing
書(shū)信寫(xiě)作
Write five sentences which could be used to begin a letter and five sentences which could be used to end one.
Key structures and Special difficulties
關(guān)鍵句型和難點(diǎn)
Exercises 練習(xí)
1 Some plays are so successful that they run for years on end. (1. 1) Write three sentences illustrating the use of so …that; such… that; and such a … that. (ISD 35) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第35課難點(diǎn)）
2 In the last act, a gaoler would always come on to the stage. (11. 7-8) Which verb could be used in place of would here? Write two sentences illustrating the use of would and used to. (IKS 55b) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第55課關(guān)鍵句型b）
3 The noble was expected to read the letter at each performance. He always insisted that it should be written out in full. (11. 8-9) Join these two sentences, then compare your answer with the sentence in the passage. (IKS 49) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第49課關(guān)鍵句型）
4 He always insisted that it should be written out in full. (1. 9) Write sentences using the following: He suggested that … He insisted that … He demanded that … (IKS 63) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第63題關(guān)鍵句型）
5 He had managed to learn the contents of the letter by heart. (1. 11) Write two sentences showing how managed to can be used as the opposite of could not. (IKS 67c) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第67課關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)c）
6 He entered the cell. He presented the letter to the aristocrat. (1. 13) Join these two sentences, then compare your answer with the sentence in the passage. (IKS 25) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第25課關(guān)鍵句型）
7 The noble stared at the blank sheet of paper. (11. 15-16) Write sentences using the verbs throw at and point at. (IKS 33e) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第33課關(guān)鍵句型e）
8 I must get my glasses. (1. 18) Which verb can we use in place of must here? (IKS 17a) （參見(jiàn)第2冊(cè)第17課關(guān)鍵句型a）
Multiple choice questions
多項(xiàng)選擇題
Choose the correct answers to the following questions.
Comprehension 理解
1 Which of the following proverbs suits the gist of the story best?
a．He laughs best, who laughs last.
b．Speech is silver, but silence is golden.
c．Look before you leap.
d．Don't count your chickens before they are hatched.
2 The play in which the two actors took part ______ .
a．had had a highly successful run of twenty years
b．was about the plight of a nobleman
c．ended with the imprisonment of the aristocrat
d．had been performed so often that audiences were bored by it
3 a．he improvised the words which he had forgotten
b．the gaoler was eagerly waiting to take the aristocrat's part
c．he pretended that the light was not good enough for him to read by
d．he asked the gaoler to fetch him some glasses
Structure 結(jié)構(gòu)
4 A gaoler would come on stage with a letter ______ to the prisoner. (11. 7-8)
a．to be delivering
b．a(chǎn)nd delivered
c．to deliver
d．delivered
5 He always insisted ______ in full. (1. 9)
a．on its being written out
b．on writing it out
c．to have it written out
d．that it would have to be written out
6 -to find out if he ______ the contents of the letter by heart. (11. 10-11)
a．had known
b．was knowing
c．knew
d．know
7 But he gave ______ which had not been written out in full. (11. 13-14)
a．the copy to him
b．a(chǎn) copy him
c．him a copy
d．him the copy
8 ______ remember a word of the letter, so he replied … (11. 17-18)
a．But neither could the gaoler
b．Nor the gaoler could
c．Also the gaoler could not
d．Either the gaoler could not
Vocabulary
詞匯
9 The gaoler decided to ______ his colleague. (1. 10)
a．have a joke with
b．play the fool with
c．make fun of
d．play a trick on
10 He wanted to see if his fellow actor had ______ learnt his lines. (11. 10-11)
a．lastly
b．in the end
c．conclusively
d．finally
11 Then, ______ about him, he said, … (1. 16)
a．searching
b．peering
c．blinking
d．staring
12 Agreeing that the light was dim, the gaoler ______ he would get his glasses. (1. 18)
a．spoke
b．informed
c．said
d．rejoined