過(guò)去完成時(shí)由had加過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。
(1)過(guò)去完成時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況,也可說(shuō)是過(guò)去的過(guò)去。
By the end of last year they had produced 50,000 bicycles.
到去年年底為止,他們生產(chǎn)了50,000輛自行車(chē)。
When they arrived at school,the party had already begun.
他們到達(dá)學(xué)校時(shí),晚會(huì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。
(2)在包含when、as soon as、before、after、until、now that等連詞的復(fù)合句中,如果主句謂語(yǔ)和從句謂語(yǔ)表示的過(guò)去動(dòng)作是在不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的,那么先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作通常要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示。
He had been inAmerica for ten years before he returned to China.
在回到中國(guó)之前,他在美國(guó)呆了十年。
She didn’t go to bed until she had finished her work.直到把工作都做完,她才上床睡覺(jué)。