Lesson 38 Everything except the weather
【New words and expressions】（6）
except prep. 除了
Mediterranean n. 地中海
complain v. 抱怨
continually adv. 不斷地
bitterly adv. 刺骨地
sunshine n. 陽光
★Mediterranean[7meditE5reinjEn] n. (the ~)地中海
Mediterranean n.地中海（=Mediterranean sea, 位于歐, 亞, 非三大洲之間），地中海沿岸的居民；adj. 地中海的, 地中海民族的
★complain v. 抱怨
complain to sb. 向某人抱怨
complain of/about sth. 抱怨某事
★continually [kEn5tInjJElI] adv. 不斷地
continually adv. 連續(xù)地, 頻繁地(時斷時續(xù))
The baby cry continually.
continuously [kEn5tInjJEslI] adj. 連續(xù)不斷地
continue [kEn5tinju:] v. 繼續(xù), 連續(xù), 延伸
★bitterly adv. 刺骨地
bitterly disappointed 徹底的失望 （disappoint [7disE5pCint] vt.使失望）
I am bitterly disappointed.
bitterly cold 刺骨地寒冷
It’s bitterly cold. （chilly adj. 寒冷的）
★sunshine n. 陽光
也可直接用 “sun” 表示陽光
a drop of sunshine 一縷陽光 （a drop of 一縷）
【Text】
My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.
參考譯文
我的老朋友哈里森在回到英國以前曾多年居住在地中海地區(qū)。過去他?；孟胪诵莺蟮接?，并計劃在鄉(xiāng)間安頓下來。他剛一回到英國便買下了一幢房子住了進去。但緊接著他就開始抱怨那里的天氣了。因為即使那時仍為夏季，但雨總是下個不停，而且常常冷得厲害。在陽光下生活了那么多年的哈里森對此感到驚奇。他的舉動就好像他從未在英國生活過一樣。后，他再也忍受不住，還沒等安頓下來就賣掉了房子，離開了這個國家。他多年來的幻想從此破滅。哈里森把每件事情都考慮到了，唯獨沒想到天氣。
【課文講解】
1、He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.
dream of… 想, 夢見(夢想)，幻想，向往
Frank used to dream of having a car of his own.
think of… 想(思維的活動), 考慮
settle down 定居，安身，安頓
After two years of traveling, I want to settle down now.
2、He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.
no sooner…than… 一……就……（關聯(lián)詞，引導時間狀語從句，主句里常用過去完成時，than后面的從句用一般過去時），相同用法的還有as soon as，the moment，on doing
had no sooner done…than +一般過去時, 固定用法 (時態(tài)結構 : 完成時態(tài) + than + 一般過去時)
He had no sooner arrived than he called me up.
no sooner放在句首就要倒裝
No sooner had he arrived than he called me up. (倒裝)
3、Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.
almost immediately 幾乎馬上, 很快地 (時間上的快, 常用于寫作)
for（連詞）表示因為(解釋說明, 附加的)＝because因為（一定要說的原因），for與because不同，不能用于句首，并且在for后面必須重復主語：
I don’t have a car, for I can’t afford it.
even though =even if 即使，雖然（引導讓步狀語從句）
Even though I came here, my mind was absent. 盡管我人來了, 但我還是心不在焉
4、After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock.
so many years 這么多年
after it rained for days = after so many days of rain 在這么多天雨之后
After seven years of hard work, he was successful.
After ten years of staying in abroad, he decided to return and settle down.
got a shock 嚇了一跳, 吃了一驚
5、He acted as if he had never lived in England before.
as if+句子 似乎, 好像（引導表示方式的狀語從句，如果從句為過去完成時則是虛擬語氣，描述與事實相反, 后面的條件是假的）
He acted as if he was poor. (as if 后是真是假, 應根據(jù)上下文來看)
My leg hurts as if it was broken.
連詞as if/though引導方式狀語從句，通常跟在描述行為舉止的動詞之后，如act，appear，feel，look，smell，sound等后面：
She acted as if she were mad. （虛擬語氣）
It feels as if/though it’s going to rain.
6、In the end, it was more than he could bear.
more than在這里表示“超過……的范圍”
This piece of news is more than I can believe.
It was more than I could understand.
I can't affard it. ＝ It was more than I can affard.
這種用法與它通常表示“比……更多”的用法稍有不同：
There were more than ten people in the room.
7、He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
hardly…when… 還沒來得及……就……，用法同no sooner…than
hardly had sb. done when… (hardly在句首, 要倒裝)
He had hardly opened his eyes when he was knocked out.（knock out : 打暈, 擊倒）
have time to do sth. 有時間做某事
I have no time to talk with you. 我沒時間和你說話
I have time enough to have coffee. 我有足夠的時間喝咖啡
【Composition】
1 He bought an old car. It was in a very bad state.(but)
2 The engine was worn out. The gearbox was full of sawdust. (The engine…not only…but…as well)
3 He could not drive it. He could no sell it. He could not even give it away. (neither…nor…nor)
1. in a bad state 狀態(tài)不太好
though 雖然, even though＝even if 即使，這些詞出現(xiàn)在兩句之間, 就不再加but，
2. The engine was not only worn out but the gearbox was full of sawdust.
worn out 破舊不堪的
engine [5endVin] n. 發(fā)動機, 機車, 火車頭
gearbox [5^iEbCks] n. 變速箱
sawdust [5sC:dQst] n. 鋸屑, 木頭屑子 （saw [sC:] n. 鋸；v. 鋸）
not only出現(xiàn)在句首要倒裝,一般不會放在句首
3. He could neither drive it nor sell it nor even give it away.
He could neither drive it nor sell it even nor give it away. (這樣寫更好)
neither do sth. nor do sth. nor do sth. 既不能也不能更不能
【Letter writing】
日期：每年下列月份寫出全稱：3月，4月，5月，6月和7月，剩余的月份寫成：Jan. (1月)；Feb. (2月)；Aug. (8月)；Sept. (9月)；Oct. (10月)；Nov. (11月)和Dec. (12月)。
【Key structures】
過去完成時
過去完成時經(jīng)常與一般過去時連用，表示過去某個動作發(fā)生前完成的動作。與過去完成時連用的表示時間的詞或詞組有when，after，as soon as，(not) until，by that time，(never) before，already，for，since，just，no sooner…than，hardly…when等。過去完成時不能與副詞ago連用（ago只能與一般過去時連用）。
He hadn’t finished it by yesterday evening. 到昨天晚上他還沒做完。
I’d never flown a plane at all until I flew this one!
在駕駛這架飛機之前我從來沒有駕駛過飛機！
【Special Difficulties】
No sooner…than and Hardly…when
no sooner…than (一……就……)；hardly…when (幾乎未來得及……就……)這兩組連詞意義都和as soon as相近，但比as soon as正式。它們通常都與過去完成時連用。當no sooner和hardly位于句首時，后面的主謂結構都要顛倒順序，即句子變?yōu)閚o sooner/hardly +助動詞 +主語 +動詞形式的語序。
No sooner had he begun speaking than he was interrupted. 他剛一開始講話就被打斷了。
Hardly had he got into the bus when it began moving.
Country and Countryside
country n. 國家，祖國；鄉(xiāng)下（做“鄉(xiāng)下”講時常與the連用）
Which country do you come from?
He had planned to settle down in the country.
countryside n. 農(nóng)村地區(qū)（強調(diào)景色），鄉(xiāng)下
The countryside around Vienna is very beautiful. 維也納周圍的鄉(xiāng)村非常漂亮.
I grew up in the countryside.
Continuously and Continually
continuously adv. 不斷地，連續(xù)地（指動作中間沒有間斷）
You mustn’t watch TV for such a long time continuously.
This plane can fly continuoulsly for twenty hours.
continually adv. 頻繁地，反復地（指動作中間有間斷但又持續(xù)很久）
It rained continually. 天頻繁地下雨。
The river flows under this bridge continuously. 河水不停地從橋下流過.
【Multiple choice questions】
4 He acted ___a___ he had never lived in England before.
a. as though b. like c. as d. even if
as if ＝ as though 作賓語，act as if/though習慣用法
as 后面可以加句子, like 后面加詞, as if 加在后面只能作狀語，even if 即使
5 It was more than he could bear. He couldn't bear it ___c___.
a. more b. longer c. any longer d. no more
not any more = not any longer = not any further 不再
not more ＝ less 比……少
not longer 不是更長
11 He___d___ as if he had never lived in England before.
a. made b. did c. conducted d. behaved
do as I did 按我所做的做
seem as if 看起來象……
act as if 行為象……一樣
look as if 看起來象……一樣
conduct＝behave可以做動詞，表示行為，但conduct為不及物動詞, 如果作及物動詞, 加oneself
He conducted himself well. 他表現(xiàn)的很好
He behaved (as) well.
【New words and expressions】（6）
except prep. 除了
Mediterranean n. 地中海
complain v. 抱怨
continually adv. 不斷地
bitterly adv. 刺骨地
sunshine n. 陽光
★Mediterranean[7meditE5reinjEn] n. (the ~)地中海
Mediterranean n.地中海（=Mediterranean sea, 位于歐, 亞, 非三大洲之間），地中海沿岸的居民；adj. 地中海的, 地中海民族的
★complain v. 抱怨
complain to sb. 向某人抱怨
complain of/about sth. 抱怨某事
★continually [kEn5tInjJElI] adv. 不斷地
continually adv. 連續(xù)地, 頻繁地(時斷時續(xù))
The baby cry continually.
continuously [kEn5tInjJEslI] adj. 連續(xù)不斷地
continue [kEn5tinju:] v. 繼續(xù), 連續(xù), 延伸
★bitterly adv. 刺骨地
bitterly disappointed 徹底的失望 （disappoint [7disE5pCint] vt.使失望）
I am bitterly disappointed.
bitterly cold 刺骨地寒冷
It’s bitterly cold. （chilly adj. 寒冷的）
★sunshine n. 陽光
也可直接用 “sun” 表示陽光
a drop of sunshine 一縷陽光 （a drop of 一縷）
【Text】
My old friend, Harrison, had lived in the Mediterranean for many years before he returned to England. He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country. He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there. Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold. After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock. He acted as if he had never lived in England before. In the end, it was more than he could bear. He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country. The dream he had had for so many years ended there. Harrison had thought of everything except the weather.
參考譯文
我的老朋友哈里森在回到英國以前曾多年居住在地中海地區(qū)。過去他?；孟胪诵莺蟮接?，并計劃在鄉(xiāng)間安頓下來。他剛一回到英國便買下了一幢房子住了進去。但緊接著他就開始抱怨那里的天氣了。因為即使那時仍為夏季，但雨總是下個不停，而且常常冷得厲害。在陽光下生活了那么多年的哈里森對此感到驚奇。他的舉動就好像他從未在英國生活過一樣。后，他再也忍受不住，還沒等安頓下來就賣掉了房子，離開了這個國家。他多年來的幻想從此破滅。哈里森把每件事情都考慮到了，唯獨沒想到天氣。
【課文講解】
1、He had often dreamed of retiring in England and had planned to settle down in the country.
dream of… 想, 夢見(夢想)，幻想，向往
Frank used to dream of having a car of his own.
think of… 想(思維的活動), 考慮
settle down 定居，安身，安頓
After two years of traveling, I want to settle down now.
2、He had no sooner returned than he bought a house and went to live there.
no sooner…than… 一……就……（關聯(lián)詞，引導時間狀語從句，主句里常用過去完成時，than后面的從句用一般過去時），相同用法的還有as soon as，the moment，on doing
had no sooner done…than +一般過去時, 固定用法 (時態(tài)結構 : 完成時態(tài) + than + 一般過去時)
He had no sooner arrived than he called me up.
no sooner放在句首就要倒裝
No sooner had he arrived than he called me up. (倒裝)
3、Almost immediately he began to complain about the weather, for even though it was still summer, it rained continually and it was often bitterly cold.
almost immediately 幾乎馬上, 很快地 (時間上的快, 常用于寫作)
for（連詞）表示因為(解釋說明, 附加的)＝because因為（一定要說的原因），for與because不同，不能用于句首，并且在for后面必須重復主語：
I don’t have a car, for I can’t afford it.
even though =even if 即使，雖然（引導讓步狀語從句）
Even though I came here, my mind was absent. 盡管我人來了, 但我還是心不在焉
4、After so many years of sunshine, Harrison got a shock.
so many years 這么多年
after it rained for days = after so many days of rain 在這么多天雨之后
After seven years of hard work, he was successful.
After ten years of staying in abroad, he decided to return and settle down.
got a shock 嚇了一跳, 吃了一驚
5、He acted as if he had never lived in England before.
as if+句子 似乎, 好像（引導表示方式的狀語從句，如果從句為過去完成時則是虛擬語氣，描述與事實相反, 后面的條件是假的）
He acted as if he was poor. (as if 后是真是假, 應根據(jù)上下文來看)
My leg hurts as if it was broken.
連詞as if/though引導方式狀語從句，通常跟在描述行為舉止的動詞之后，如act，appear，feel，look，smell，sound等后面：
She acted as if she were mad. （虛擬語氣）
It feels as if/though it’s going to rain.
6、In the end, it was more than he could bear.
more than在這里表示“超過……的范圍”
This piece of news is more than I can believe.
It was more than I could understand.
I can't affard it. ＝ It was more than I can affard.
這種用法與它通常表示“比……更多”的用法稍有不同：
There were more than ten people in the room.
7、He had hardly had time to settle down when he sold the house and left the country.
hardly…when… 還沒來得及……就……，用法同no sooner…than
hardly had sb. done when… (hardly在句首, 要倒裝)
He had hardly opened his eyes when he was knocked out.（knock out : 打暈, 擊倒）
have time to do sth. 有時間做某事
I have no time to talk with you. 我沒時間和你說話
I have time enough to have coffee. 我有足夠的時間喝咖啡
【Composition】
1 He bought an old car. It was in a very bad state.(but)
2 The engine was worn out. The gearbox was full of sawdust. (The engine…not only…but…as well)
3 He could not drive it. He could no sell it. He could not even give it away. (neither…nor…nor)
1. in a bad state 狀態(tài)不太好
though 雖然, even though＝even if 即使，這些詞出現(xiàn)在兩句之間, 就不再加but，
2. The engine was not only worn out but the gearbox was full of sawdust.
worn out 破舊不堪的
engine [5endVin] n. 發(fā)動機, 機車, 火車頭
gearbox [5^iEbCks] n. 變速箱
sawdust [5sC:dQst] n. 鋸屑, 木頭屑子 （saw [sC:] n. 鋸；v. 鋸）
not only出現(xiàn)在句首要倒裝,一般不會放在句首
3. He could neither drive it nor sell it nor even give it away.
He could neither drive it nor sell it even nor give it away. (這樣寫更好)
neither do sth. nor do sth. nor do sth. 既不能也不能更不能
【Letter writing】
日期：每年下列月份寫出全稱：3月，4月，5月，6月和7月，剩余的月份寫成：Jan. (1月)；Feb. (2月)；Aug. (8月)；Sept. (9月)；Oct. (10月)；Nov. (11月)和Dec. (12月)。
【Key structures】
過去完成時
過去完成時經(jīng)常與一般過去時連用，表示過去某個動作發(fā)生前完成的動作。與過去完成時連用的表示時間的詞或詞組有when，after，as soon as，(not) until，by that time，(never) before，already，for，since，just，no sooner…than，hardly…when等。過去完成時不能與副詞ago連用（ago只能與一般過去時連用）。
He hadn’t finished it by yesterday evening. 到昨天晚上他還沒做完。
I’d never flown a plane at all until I flew this one!
在駕駛這架飛機之前我從來沒有駕駛過飛機！
【Special Difficulties】
No sooner…than and Hardly…when
no sooner…than (一……就……)；hardly…when (幾乎未來得及……就……)這兩組連詞意義都和as soon as相近，但比as soon as正式。它們通常都與過去完成時連用。當no sooner和hardly位于句首時，后面的主謂結構都要顛倒順序，即句子變?yōu)閚o sooner/hardly +助動詞 +主語 +動詞形式的語序。
No sooner had he begun speaking than he was interrupted. 他剛一開始講話就被打斷了。
Hardly had he got into the bus when it began moving.
Country and Countryside
country n. 國家，祖國；鄉(xiāng)下（做“鄉(xiāng)下”講時常與the連用）
Which country do you come from?
He had planned to settle down in the country.
countryside n. 農(nóng)村地區(qū)（強調(diào)景色），鄉(xiāng)下
The countryside around Vienna is very beautiful. 維也納周圍的鄉(xiāng)村非常漂亮.
I grew up in the countryside.
Continuously and Continually
continuously adv. 不斷地，連續(xù)地（指動作中間沒有間斷）
You mustn’t watch TV for such a long time continuously.
This plane can fly continuoulsly for twenty hours.
continually adv. 頻繁地，反復地（指動作中間有間斷但又持續(xù)很久）
It rained continually. 天頻繁地下雨。
The river flows under this bridge continuously. 河水不停地從橋下流過.
【Multiple choice questions】
4 He acted ___a___ he had never lived in England before.
a. as though b. like c. as d. even if
as if ＝ as though 作賓語，act as if/though習慣用法
as 后面可以加句子, like 后面加詞, as if 加在后面只能作狀語，even if 即使
5 It was more than he could bear. He couldn't bear it ___c___.
a. more b. longer c. any longer d. no more
not any more = not any longer = not any further 不再
not more ＝ less 比……少
not longer 不是更長
11 He___d___ as if he had never lived in England before.
a. made b. did c. conducted d. behaved
do as I did 按我所做的做
seem as if 看起來象……
act as if 行為象……一樣
look as if 看起來象……一樣
conduct＝behave可以做動詞，表示行為，但conduct為不及物動詞, 如果作及物動詞, 加oneself
He conducted himself well. 他表現(xiàn)的很好
He behaved (as) well.