Washington, who had begun to believe that all men were created equal after observing the bravery of the black
主語 定語從句 賓語從句 時(shí)間狀語
soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their
時(shí)間狀語 謂語 賓語 后置定語 目的狀語
freedom in his will.
譯文:華盛頓看到黑人士兵在美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭中的英勇表現(xiàn)后,開始相信人生而平等,因此他不顧親人的極力反對,在遺囑中給予了他的奴隸們自由。
分析:本句的主干是Washington…overcame the strong opposition…。Who引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句對先行詞Washington做進(jìn)一步的解釋說明。該定語從句中,who代替Washington充當(dāng)主語,謂語是had begun to believe,賓語是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句,after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War是這個(gè)定語從句的時(shí)間狀語,說明“開始相信”的時(shí)間。主句中,of his relatives修飾的是前面的opposition,而to grant his slaves their freedom in his will表明了華盛頓不顧親人反對也要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目的。
This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just
主語 謂語 賓語 后置定語 讓步狀語從句
three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other
讓步狀語從句
great-great-grandparents.
譯文:這種DNA檢測只能檢測出一兩位祖先的基因信息,盡管,比如說,只追溯三代,每個(gè)人還有另外六位曾祖父母,追溯到第四代,還有另外的14個(gè)高祖父母。
分析:該句的主干是This DNA can reveal genetic information…,之后的about only one or two ancestors是賓語genetic information的后置定語,對其進(jìn)行解釋說明。主句之后是由even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,表示轉(zhuǎn)折的意味,從句由兩個(gè)分句組成,中間由or連接。第一個(gè)分句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(people)+謂語(have)+賓語(six other great-grandparents)”,第二個(gè)分句中省略了主語和謂語,因?yàn)橹髦^同第一個(gè)分句,賓語是14 other great-great-grandparents。
However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe
連詞 時(shí)間狀語從句 目的狀語從句
what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
賓語從句 主語 系動(dòng)詞 表語
譯文:但是,如果將兩只猴子分開放在相鄰的房間里,讓它們可以看彼此用石頭換得的東西時(shí),它們的行為就會(huì)變得明顯不同。
分析:本句中含有多個(gè)從句,因此理解的重點(diǎn)在于從句間的關(guān)系。本句的主干為…their behaviour became markedly different。句首是由when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,在該從句中還含有 so that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句,用來解釋將猴子放在相鄰房間的目的。在這個(gè)狀語從句中還含有一個(gè)由 what 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,充當(dāng)謂語 observe的賓語。
In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should,
地點(diǎn)狀語 同位語1
Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees
主語 同位語2
the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
賓語 后置定語 賓語補(bǔ)足語
譯文:約翰·麥克沃特是一位語言學(xué)家,也是一位自由和保守思想兼?zhèn)涞霓q論家,在他的新書《做自己的事:語言與音樂的退化,以及我們?yōu)槭裁磻?yīng)該,呃,在意》中,麥克沃特認(rèn)為20世紀(jì)60年代反傳統(tǒng)文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的勝利是造成正式英語衰落的原因。
分析:本句的難點(diǎn)是有很多同位語結(jié)構(gòu),理解的時(shí)候既要找準(zhǔn)主干,同時(shí)也要理解同位語解釋說明的部分。本句的主干為…John McWhorter…sees the triumph…as…。介詞短語In his latest book充當(dāng)全句的狀語,book后的斜體字為該書的書名,充當(dāng)book的同位語。句子的主語是John McWhorter,后面緊跟的短語a linguist and controversialist…是介紹人物身份的內(nèi)容,即John McWhorter的同位語。
主語 定語從句 賓語從句 時(shí)間狀語
soldiers during the Revolutionary War, overcame the strong opposition of his relatives to grant his slaves their
時(shí)間狀語 謂語 賓語 后置定語 目的狀語
freedom in his will.
譯文:華盛頓看到黑人士兵在美國獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭中的英勇表現(xiàn)后,開始相信人生而平等,因此他不顧親人的極力反對,在遺囑中給予了他的奴隸們自由。
分析:本句的主干是Washington…overcame the strong opposition…。Who引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句對先行詞Washington做進(jìn)一步的解釋說明。該定語從句中,who代替Washington充當(dāng)主語,謂語是had begun to believe,賓語是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句,after observing the bravery of the black soldiers during the Revolutionary War是這個(gè)定語從句的時(shí)間狀語,說明“開始相信”的時(shí)間。主句中,of his relatives修飾的是前面的opposition,而to grant his slaves their freedom in his will表明了華盛頓不顧親人反對也要實(shí)現(xiàn)的目的。
This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just
主語 謂語 賓語 后置定語 讓步狀語從句
three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other
讓步狀語從句
great-great-grandparents.
譯文:這種DNA檢測只能檢測出一兩位祖先的基因信息,盡管,比如說,只追溯三代,每個(gè)人還有另外六位曾祖父母,追溯到第四代,還有另外的14個(gè)高祖父母。
分析:該句的主干是This DNA can reveal genetic information…,之后的about only one or two ancestors是賓語genetic information的后置定語,對其進(jìn)行解釋說明。主句之后是由even though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句,表示轉(zhuǎn)折的意味,從句由兩個(gè)分句組成,中間由or連接。第一個(gè)分句的結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語(people)+謂語(have)+賓語(six other great-grandparents)”,第二個(gè)分句中省略了主語和謂語,因?yàn)橹髦^同第一個(gè)分句,賓語是14 other great-great-grandparents。
However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe
連詞 時(shí)間狀語從句 目的狀語從句
what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.
賓語從句 主語 系動(dòng)詞 表語
譯文:但是,如果將兩只猴子分開放在相鄰的房間里,讓它們可以看彼此用石頭換得的東西時(shí),它們的行為就會(huì)變得明顯不同。
分析:本句中含有多個(gè)從句,因此理解的重點(diǎn)在于從句間的關(guān)系。本句的主干為…their behaviour became markedly different。句首是由when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,在該從句中還含有 so that 引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句,用來解釋將猴子放在相鄰房間的目的。在這個(gè)狀語從句中還含有一個(gè)由 what 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,充當(dāng)謂語 observe的賓語。
In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should,
地點(diǎn)狀語 同位語1
Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees
主語 同位語2
the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.
賓語 后置定語 賓語補(bǔ)足語
譯文:約翰·麥克沃特是一位語言學(xué)家,也是一位自由和保守思想兼?zhèn)涞霓q論家,在他的新書《做自己的事:語言與音樂的退化,以及我們?yōu)槭裁磻?yīng)該,呃,在意》中,麥克沃特認(rèn)為20世紀(jì)60年代反傳統(tǒng)文化運(yùn)動(dòng)的勝利是造成正式英語衰落的原因。
分析:本句的難點(diǎn)是有很多同位語結(jié)構(gòu),理解的時(shí)候既要找準(zhǔn)主干,同時(shí)也要理解同位語解釋說明的部分。本句的主干為…John McWhorter…sees the triumph…as…。介詞短語In his latest book充當(dāng)全句的狀語,book后的斜體字為該書的書名,充當(dāng)book的同位語。句子的主語是John McWhorter,后面緊跟的短語a linguist and controversialist…是介紹人物身份的內(nèi)容,即John McWhorter的同位語。