2018考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句分析(14)

字號(hào):

53. Other identifiable causes of offensive actsinclude frustration or failure in school, the increasedavailability of drugs and alcohol, and the growingincidence of child abuse and child neglect.
    54. Because they are adjusting to their new bodies and a whole host of new intellectual andemotional challenges, teenagers are especially self-conscious and need the confidence thatcomes from achieving success and knowing that their accomplishments are admired by others.
    55. However, the typical teenage lifestyle is already filled with so much competition that it would be wise to plan activities in which there are more winners than losers, for example, publishing newsletters with many student-written book, displaying student artwork, and sponsoring book discussion clubs.
    56. Making friends is extremely important to teenagers, and many shy students need the security of some kind of organization with a supportive adult barely visible in the background.
    考研英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句解析:
    第53題:
    【分析】簡(jiǎn)單句。Other identifiable causes ofoffensive acts 是主語(yǔ)部分;include 是謂語(yǔ);賓語(yǔ)部分是由逗號(hào)連接的三個(gè)并列的名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ):frustration or failure, the increased availability 和thegrowing incidence,其中in school 和兩個(gè) of 短語(yǔ)分別作前面賓語(yǔ)的后置定語(yǔ)。
    【譯文】導(dǎo)致犯罪行為的其他確切因素還有學(xué)習(xí)受挫,考試不及格、毒品和酒精更容易得到,以及不斷增多的兒童受虐和被忽略事件的發(fā)生。
    【點(diǎn)撥】1) identifiable"可辨認(rèn)的,可識(shí)別的,可確認(rèn)的"。2) availability "有效,有用;可得到的人(或物)"。
    第54題:
    【分析】多重復(fù)合句。句子主干為teenagers are self-conscious and need the confidence。Because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句;that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾confidence,定語(yǔ)從句中又包含一個(gè) that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。
    【譯文】因?yàn)榍嗌倌暾谶m應(yīng)新的身體狀況和智力、情感方面的諸多挑戰(zhàn),所以他們的自我意識(shí)很強(qiáng),并且需要信心,這種信心源于獲得成功和看到自己的成就獲得他人的贊賞。
    【點(diǎn)撥】1) adjust to 意為"適應(yīng),調(diào)節(jié)"。2) host 是量詞,指"許多,大量"。A whole host of "許多,大量"。
    第55題:
    【分析】復(fù)合句。So…that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句;that 后的 it 為形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是不定式結(jié)構(gòu) to plan activities,其中包含一個(gè) which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句修飾 activities;for example 為插入語(yǔ),其后的三個(gè)動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)列舉了三種行為,是對(duì)上文 for example 具體的解釋說(shuō)明。
    【譯文】然而,典型的青少年生活方式中已經(jīng)充斥了如此之多的競(jìng)爭(zhēng),所有明智之舉就是組織一些勝者多敗者少的活動(dòng),比如:出版一些學(xué)生寫的書評(píng)時(shí)訊、展覽學(xué)生的藝術(shù)作品、發(fā)起讀書討論俱樂(lè)部。
    【點(diǎn)撥】1) be filled with 意為"充滿;裝滿"。2) sponsor 在此處用作動(dòng)詞,意為"發(fā)起,主辦,贊助",它還可以用作名詞,意為"發(fā)起者,主辦者,贊助者"。
    第56題:
    【分析】并列句。and 連接兩個(gè)并列分句。后一分句較長(zhǎng),其主干是 many shy students need the security;介詞短語(yǔ) of some kind of organization 作 security 的后置定語(yǔ),with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作 organization 的后置定語(yǔ)。
    【譯文】交朋友對(duì)青少年來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要,很多靦腆的學(xué)生都需借助某種組織使其有安全感,而成人的支持應(yīng)居于隱蔽的地位。
    【點(diǎn)撥】1) supportive 意為"支持的,支援的,贊助的"。2) visible 指"可見(jiàn)的,看得見(jiàn)的"。