新概念英語第二冊:第56課課文詳解及語法解析

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新概念英語作為家喻戶曉的經(jīng)典之作,它有著全新的教學(xué)理念,有趣的課文內(nèi)容及其全面的技能訓(xùn)練,為廣大的英語學(xué)習(xí)者提供幫助!如果你也想學(xué)好英語,又怎能錯過新概念英語?下面為您提供了相關(guān)內(nèi)容,希望對您有所幫助!
    課文詳注 Further notes on the text
    1. once a year,每年。
    once+表示時間的名詞可以表示“每...”:
    The postman calls once a day.
    郵遞員每天來。
    2. A lot of cars entered for this race last year...去年有很多汽車參加了這項比賽...
    enter for表示"報名參加"。(cf.第8課詞匯學(xué)習(xí))
    3. Built in 1885,it was the oldest car taking part.該車造于1885年,是參賽車中.老的一輛。
    built引導(dǎo)的過去分詞短語起狀語的作用,說明動作發(fā)生的背景或情況。主句可以補(bǔ)全為it was the oldest car taking part
    in the race.
    4. Many of the cars broke down on the conrse…很多汽車在途中就拋了錨……
    break down為固定短語,其含義之一是“(機(jī)械等)出故障”、“出毛病”:
    This morning I was late for work,beceuse my car broke down twice.
    今天上午我上班遲到了,因為我的車壞了兩次。
    5. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour-much faster than
    any of its rivals.獲勝的那輛車達(dá)到了時速40英里—遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過任何對手。
    (1) winning為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語:
    Those of the winning team jumped happily.
    獲勝隊的隊員們高興地跳著。
    (2)表示速度為多少時可用a speed of+數(shù)量詞這個結(jié)構(gòu):
    You must have been driving at a speed of seventy miles an hour.
    你剛才一定是以每小時70英里的速度在開車。
    (3)破折號后面的部分補(bǔ)充說明這個速度。much是用得較多的與比較級連用的修飾語:
    House are much more expensive these days.
    如今的房價貴多了。
    6. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.它在接近終點時。沖下了山坡,駕駛員費了好大勁才把車停下來。
    (1)speed作不及物動詞時可以表示“疾駛”、“急行”等含義:
    The police car sped past us.
    警車從我們身邊疾駛而過。
    The two men sped out of the room.
    那兩個人快步走出了房間。
    (2)表示“在...的末尾/后部分”時可以用at the end of這個短語:
    I'll return the books to you at the end of the week/mouth.
    我周/月末時把書還給你。
    He spoke a few words at the end of the meeting.
    會議結(jié)束時他說了幾句話。
    (3)表示“做某事遇到麻煩/困難”時可以用have trouble doing sth:
    They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fire.
    他們在查找起火原因時遇到了一些困難。
    語法 Grammar in use
    1.使用the same as和different from的比較結(jié)構(gòu)
    在第32課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了用as... as和not so/as...as表示比較;在第8課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了形容詞和副詞的比較級和高級的構(gòu)成及用法:
    Are you as strong as John.
    你和約翰一樣強(qiáng)壯嗎?
    I don't think so.I think John's a little stonger than me.
    我想不一樣。我認(rèn)為約翰比我要稍微更強(qiáng)壯些。(注意比較級前可加much,far,a lot,alittle等修飾語)
    表示比較的另外兩種方法是用短語the same(...)as 和different from.the same(...)as 表示“與...相同/同樣”:
    Our TV is the same as yours.
    我們的電視和你們的一樣。
    You've made the same mistake as Tom.
    你和湯姆犯了同樣的錯誤。
    有時the same可以單獨使用,不帶as:
    Those two dresses are the same.
    那兩件衣服一樣。
    different from 表示“與...不同”,different前面可加very,much,a little等修飾語:
    We're planning something different this year from waht we did last year.
    我們今年計劃做些與去年不同的事。
    German cars are quite different from Japanese cars.
    德國(造的)汽車與日本(造)的很不一樣。
    2. much與many的其他表達(dá)方式
    在第32課的語法中,我們學(xué)習(xí)了little和few的用法,知道在口語中多用not much , not many代替;
    There isn't much sugar/aren't many sweets,but you can have a little/few.
    糖/糖果不多了,不過你可以來一點/吃幾塊。
    (1)much和many通常用于否定句和疑問句(正式文體除外)。在日常談話中,我們通常避免在肯定句中使用much和many,而用別的數(shù)量詞??谡Z中用得多的表示“許多”的數(shù)量詞是a
    lot of(常被認(rèn)為不宜用在正式的場合),它既可以與復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用也可以與不可數(shù)名詞連用,后而的動詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞:
    A lot of time is needed to do this work.
    做這項工作需要很多時間。
    A lot of books have been stolen.
    許多書被盜了。
    比a lot of正式一些的表達(dá)方式有:a great/good deal of+不可數(shù)名詞,a great/good/large number
    of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞,a great/good many of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞。
    A great/good deal of money is spent on food.
    在食物上花了很多錢。
    A great/good number of our students are Americans.
    我們的學(xué)生中有許多是美國人。
    Tom doesn't read much,but Ian reads a great deal/a lot.
    湯姆讀書不多,但伊恩讀得很多。
    (2)在waht引導(dǎo)的感嘆句中不用much/many:
    What a lot of sweets Tom's bought!
    湯姆買了這么多糖果!
    Yes, he's bought many more than he did yesterday.
    是的,他比昨天買得多得多。