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新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)逐句精講Lesson43
1. In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R.E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time.
美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家R.E.伯德在飛越了北極3年之后，于1929年首次飛越了南極。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句中出觀了兩個(gè)同位語(yǔ)，three years after...North Pole為in 1929的同位語(yǔ)， R.E. Byrd 為 the American explorer的同位語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 fly over 意為“飛越”、辨析：over, above, on, up：
over意為“在……正上方”，反義詞為under“在……正下方”(直線距離)；
above意為“在上方”；反義詞為below“在......下方”(大范圍內(nèi))；
on意為“在……上”；反義詞為beneath“在……下”(有接觸面)；
up意為"向上”，反義詞為down“向下”(表示方向)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3 for the first time表示“第”
for the first time to do sth.則表示“第做某事
It is my first time to travel around the world. 這是我第環(huán)游世界。
2. Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble.
雖然開始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍攝了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量照片，但是他們很快就陷入了困境。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句中though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，though還可以替換為although，even if，even though等 (注意不與but搭配使用)。
Even if she looks ugly, she is quite tender.
盡管她長(zhǎng)得難看，但是卻十分溫柔。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 was/were able to do sth.(= succeeded in doing sth.)在此不是指過(guò)去有能力做某事，而是成功做到了某事。
He was able to swim across the river. = He succeeded in swimming across the river.
他成功地游過(guò)了這條河。
原句可以改為：…Byrd and his men succeeded in taking a great many photographs...
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3 his men在此相當(dāng)于his assistants,他的助手們。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)4 run into trouble意思為“陷入了困境”。該結(jié)構(gòu)可以總結(jié)為：run / get / come / fall into +名詞——從一種狀態(tài)改變成為另一種狀態(tài)。
The climbers got into a snowstorm on the way to the top of the mountain.
登山隊(duì)員在登頂過(guò)程中遇上了暴風(fēng)雪。
3. At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.
在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 本句中it是形式主語(yǔ)，真正主語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句的內(nèi)容：他們的飛機(jī)將要墜毀了似乎已成定局。
4. It could only get over the mountains if it rose to 10,000 feet.
只有在飛機(jī)飛至10,000英尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過(guò)這些山頭。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 本句包含“only + if”的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“只有……才……”。
The soldiers could only march to the next town if the rain stopped.
這些士兵們只有等到雨停了才能夠行軍到下一個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)。
5. Byrd at once ordered his men to throw out two heavy food sacks.
伯德馬上命令他的助手們把兩個(gè)沉重的食物袋扔掉。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) order sb. to do sth.為不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的典型結(jié)構(gòu)(請(qǐng)參考Lesson 11P)。
6. The plane was then able to rise and it cleared the mountains by 400 feet.
于是飛機(jī)上升了，在離山頭400英尺的高度飛越了過(guò)去。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) by在此句中表示相差的距離，并非表被動(dòng)或者“在……旁邊”。
7. Byrd now knew that he would be able to reach the South Pole which was 300 miles away, for there were no more mountains in sight.
伯德這時(shí)知道他能夠順利飛抵300英里以外的南極了，因?yàn)榍懊嬖僖矝](méi)有山了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 本句句式很繁雜，其中that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
8. The aircraft was able to fly over the endless white plains without difficulty.
飛機(jī)可以毫無(wú)困難地飛過(guò)這片茫茫無(wú)跡的白色原野！
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) without difficulty意為“毫無(wú)困難地”，做狀語(yǔ)。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)逐句精講Lesson44
1. Mrs. Anne Sterling did not think of the risk she was taking when she ran through a forest after two men.
當(dāng)安·斯特林夫人在穿過(guò)森林追趕兩個(gè)男人時(shí)，她并沒(méi)有想到所冒的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 “不及物動(dòng)詞+ of”結(jié)構(gòu)表示“……到”，如：
think of想到
read of 讀到
hear of 聽到
speak of 說(shuō)到
smell of 聞到
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 run after追趕；追隨；追求；run behind在某人后面跑；run to跑向
2. They had rushed up to her while she was haying a picnic at the edge of a forest with her children and tried to steal her handbag.
當(dāng)她和孩子們?cè)谏诌吷弦安蜁r(shí)，這兩個(gè)男人沖到她跟前，企圖搶她的手提包。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 句中while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。注意：while必須用于引導(dǎo)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的句子，而when/ as則可以用于延續(xù)性和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)作的句子。
3. In the struggle, the strap broke and, with the bag in their possession, both men started running through the trees.
在爭(zhēng)搶中，手提包的帶斷了，包落入了這兩個(gè)人手里，他們就跑進(jìn)了樹林。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 部分動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的特殊用法總結(jié)：
1)后常加動(dòng)名詞帶to的短語(yǔ)有：look forward to期待
be accustomed to習(xí)慣于
lead to 導(dǎo)致
be used to習(xí)慣于
prefer to更喜歡
object to反對(duì)
stick to堅(jiān)持
admit to承認(rèn)
pay attention to 注意到
2)常加動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：enjoy享受；persist堅(jiān)持；practise練習(xí)；finish完成；delay推遲；avoid 避免；mind介意；suggest建議；consider考慮；risk冒險(xiǎn)；appreciate欣賞；tolerate 忍受
3)后常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：agree同意；beg請(qǐng)求；hesitate猶豫；appear似乎；fail失??；pretend假裝；refuse拒絕；prepare準(zhǔn)備；decide決定；happen碰巧；intend打算；try努力；promise許諾；mean意欲；expect期待；hope希望；wish但愿；want想要
4)跟不定式或動(dòng)名詞意思幾乎相同的動(dòng)詞有：love喜歡；like愛好；dislike不喜歡；hate憎恨；prefer更喜歡；begin開始；start開始；continue繼續(xù)
5)跟不定式和動(dòng)名詞意思不同的動(dòng)詞有：regret后悔,遺憾；remember記得；forget忘記；mean想要,介意；try嘗試，努力；stop停止
4. Mrs. Sterling got so angry that she ran after them.
斯特林夫人非常氣憤，向著他們追了過(guò)去。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 這是一個(gè)典型的"so +形容詞+ that從句"的結(jié)構(gòu)。
5. She was soon out of breath, but she continued to run.
只追了一會(huì)兒便上氣不接下氣，可她還是繼續(xù)追趕。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 out of breath上氣不接下氣，參考本課單詞講解。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 continue to do = continue doing 繼續(xù)做
6. When she caught up with them, she saw that they had sat down and were going through the contents of thebag, so she run straight at them.
當(dāng)她趕上他們時(shí)， 發(fā)現(xiàn)他們已經(jīng)坐了下來(lái)，翻著包里的東西，于是她直沖過(guò)去。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 本句句式復(fù)雜.when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，so連接并列句。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 catch up with sb. = keep up with sb. 追上某人
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3 go through = scan = browse 翻看，瀏覽
7. The men got such a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away.
這兩個(gè)人嚇了一跳，扔下包便逃跑了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 這是一個(gè)典型的“such + a +名詞 + that從句”的結(jié)構(gòu)。
8. "The strap needs 'said Mrs. Sterling later, "but they did not steal anything."
“這提包帶子需要修理斯特林夫人事后說(shuō)道，“不過(guò)他們什么也沒(méi)有偷走?！?BR> 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) need doing用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意思：
Your hair needs cleaning.
你的頭發(fā)需要洗洗了。
My car needs servicing.
我的車需要去做保養(yǎng)了。
新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)逐句精講Lesson45
1. The whole village soon learnt that a large sum of money had been lost.
整個(gè)村子很快知道，有一大筆錢丟失了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 the whole village指“全村的人”，后常接動(dòng)詞單數(shù)。常用表達(dá)還有：
the whole world全世界
the whole country全國(guó)
the whole society全社會(huì)
the whole class全班
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 had been lost是過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
2. Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while taking his savings to the post office.
當(dāng)?shù)氐耐婪蛩_姆·本在把存款送往郵局的途中把錢包弄去了。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 the local butcher 為 Sam Benton 的同位語(yǔ)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 while taking是一個(gè)省略形式(時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句變成分詞作狀語(yǔ))
這種情況必須具備兩個(gè)條件：
這個(gè)動(dòng)作的主語(yǔ)跟主句的主語(yǔ)一致；
這個(gè)動(dòng)作一定是正在進(jìn)行。
原句完整的形式應(yīng)該是：Sam Benton, the local butcher, had lost his wallet while he was taking his savings to the post office.
3. Sam was sure that the wallet must have been found by one of the villagers, but it was not returned to him.
薩姆確信那錢一定是被某個(gè)村民撿到了，可是卻不見有人來(lái)送還給他。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測(cè)；must have been done則是對(duì)過(guò)去肯定推測(cè)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。
4. Three months passed, and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.
3個(gè)月過(guò)去了，后來(lái)在一天早上，薩姆在他家大門外發(fā)現(xiàn)了他的錢包。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 表示一段時(shí)間以后另外一件事情發(fā)生的三種常用表達(dá)方式：
1) ...passed and then... (Lesson 9 )
2) some time later... (Lesson 27)
3) nearly... passed before... (Lesson 33)
5. It had been wrapped up in newspaper and it contained half the money he had lost, together with a note which said: “A thief, yes, but only 50 per cent a thief !”
錢包是用報(bào)紙包著的，里面有他丟的錢的一半，而且還附著一張紙條，上面寫著：“一個(gè)小偷，是的，但只是一個(gè)50%的小偷!”
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)1 half the money錢的一半；half an hour半個(gè)小時(shí)；half a year半年
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)2 the picture said...圖片上寫著.…
the newspaper said...報(bào)紙上寫著……
the note said...紙條上寫著……
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)3 together with( = with)介詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。
6. Two months later, some more money was sent to Sam with another note: 'Only 25 percent a thief now!'
又過(guò)了兩個(gè)月，又有一些錢送還給了薩姆，又附了一張字條：“這回只是一個(gè)25%的小偷了?！?BR> 語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) one，two等數(shù)量詞以及some，many，much等加比較級(jí)起修飾作用：
one more chair另外的一把椅子
some more mistakes更多的錯(cuò)誤
much more water更多的水
7.In time, all Sam's money was paid back in this way.
很快，薩姆丟的錢都用這種方式還了回來(lái)。
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) in time有兩種含義：
1)時(shí)令的(=in season)
2)很快，及時(shí)(=soon)
8. The last note said:‘I am 100 per cent honest now! ’
后一張字條上寫著：“我現(xiàn)在是一個(gè)100%誠(chéng)實(shí)的人了！”
語(yǔ)言點(diǎn) 引號(hào)中的句子相當(dāng)于‘I am 100 per cent an honest man now! ’。