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新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)課文詳注Lesson55
1 .Dreams of finding lost treasure almost came true recently.近，找到失躊寶旅的夢(mèng)想差一點(diǎn)兒變成現(xiàn)實(shí)。
come true為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“(預(yù)言、期望等)成為事實(shí)”、“(愿望)實(shí)現(xiàn)”:
His dream to travel around the world at last came true.
他周游世界的夢(mèng)想終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。
2 .The pirates would often bury gold in the cave and then fail to collect it.海盜們過(guò)去常把金子埋截在那個(gè)洞里.但后來(lái)卻沒能取走。
(1)would在這里不表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，而表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，它后面跟動(dòng)詞原形(bury和fail)( cf‘本課語(yǔ)法)
(2)fail to do sth表示“未能”、“不能”或“忘記”做某事:
Don't fail to write to us.
別忘記給我們寫信。
He failed to see the reason why they sent him away.
他不了解他們把他打發(fā)走的原因。
(3)collect的含義之一為“(去)取”、“接”:
I'll collect my post on my way home.
我將在回家時(shí)順路取我的郵件。
Don't fail to collect me before you go to the party.
去參加晚會(huì)之前別忘了接我。
3. Armed with the new machine…用這種新機(jī)器裝備起來(lái)...
arm(ed) with可以表示“帶著”、“裝著”、“穿著”等:
Don't worry.I'm armed with an umbrella.
別擔(dān)心，我?guī)е鴤隳亍?BR> You'd better arm yourself with a warm coat.
你好穿件暖和的外衣。
4. the entrance to the cave，洞口。
entrance可以表示“入口”、“大門”等;
I can't find the entrance to the park.
我找不到公園的入口。
Is this the entrance of the park/your school?
這是公園/你們學(xué)校的大門嗎?
5.Very excited,the party dug a hole two feet deep.隊(duì)員們異常激動(dòng)，就地挖了一個(gè)兩英尺深的坑。
(1)與armed with引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)相似，very excited也是過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài):
very worried about his child,he phoned the police.
他為他的孩子非常擔(dān)心，(便)給警察局打了電話。
(2)deep在表示“有...深”時(shí)要位于數(shù)字之后:
We have a swimming pool six feet deep.
我們有一個(gè)深6英尺的游泳池。
6. ...‘The Revealer’ may reveal something of value fairly soon.
……“探寶器”很快就會(huì)探出值錢的東西來(lái)。
of 表示其所修飾的名詞具有某種性質(zhì)、狀況:
The news is of great importance to us.
這消息對(duì)我們非常重要。
Tom is a boy of sixteen.
湯姆是個(gè)16歲的男孩。
新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)課文詳注Lesson56
1. once a year,每年。
once+表示時(shí)間的名詞可以表示“每...”:
The postman calls once a day.
郵遞員每天來(lái)。
2. A lot of cars entered for this race last year...去年有很多汽車參加了這項(xiàng)比賽...
enter for表示"報(bào)名參加"。(cf.第8課詞匯學(xué)習(xí))
3. Built in 1885,it was the oldest car taking part.該車造于1885年，是參賽車中.老的一輛。
built引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)起狀語(yǔ)的作用，說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或情況。主句可以補(bǔ)全為it was the oldest car taking part in the race.
4. Many of the cars broke down on the conrse…很多汽車在途中就拋了錨……
break down為固定短語(yǔ)，其含義之一是“(機(jī)械等)出故障”、“出毛病”:
This morning I was late for work,beceuse my car broke down twice.
今天上午我上班遲到了，因?yàn)槲业能噳牧藘纱巍?BR> 5. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour-much faster than any of its rivals.獲勝的那輛車達(dá)到了時(shí)速40英里—遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)任何對(duì)手。
(1) winning為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ):
Those of the winning team jumped happily.
獲勝隊(duì)的隊(duì)員們高興地跳著。
(2)表示速度為多少時(shí)可用a speed of+數(shù)量詞這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu):
You must have been driving at a speed of seventy miles an hour.
你剛才一定是以每小時(shí)70英里的速度在開車。
(3)破折號(hào)后面的部分補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明這個(gè)速度。much是用得較多的與比較級(jí)連用的修飾語(yǔ):
House are much more expensive these days.
如今的房?jī)r(jià)貴多了。
6. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it.它在接近終點(diǎn)時(shí)。沖下了山坡，駕駛員費(fèi)了好大勁才把車停下來(lái)。
(1)speed作不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí)可以表示“疾駛”、“急行”等含義:
The police car sped past us.
警車從我們身邊疾駛而過(guò)。
The two men sped out of the room.
那兩個(gè)人快步走出了房間。
(2)表示“在...的末尾/后部分”時(shí)可以用at the end of這個(gè)短語(yǔ):
I'll return the books to you at the end of the week/mouth.
我周/月末時(shí)把書還給你。
He spoke a few words at the end of the meeting.
會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí)他說(shuō)了幾句話。
(3)表示“做某事遇到麻煩/困難”時(shí)可以用have trouble doing sth:
They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fire.
他們?cè)诓檎移鸹鹪驎r(shí)遇到了一些困難。
新概念英語(yǔ)第2冊(cè)課文詳注Lesson57
1.The assistant who served her did not like the way she was dressed.接待她的售貨員不喜歡她的那副打扮。
the way在這里表示“方式”、“樣式”，she was dressed為關(guān)系從句，修飾the way。dress表示“穿著”、“打扮”時(shí)常用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：
Why is your aunt dressed in black?
你姑姑為什么穿黑色衣服?
2.…h(huán)e told her that the dress was sold.……告訴她那件衣服已經(jīng)賣出去了。
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在這里含有動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成的意忠，即表示目前的狀態(tài)。
3.She returned to the shop the following morning dressed in a fur coat, with a handbag in one hand and a long umbrella in the other.第2天上午，她又來(lái)到這家商店，穿了一件裘皮大衣，一只手拎著一只手提包，另一只手拿著一把長(zhǎng)柄傘。
dressed引導(dǎo)的過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀態(tài)。它也可以變換位置，放在句首，其意義不變：Dressed in a fur coat, she returned…with帶有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)：handbag和unbrella。with引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)也作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀態(tài)：
He walked in the park with a dog behind him.
他在公園里散步，身后跟了一條狗。
4.After seeking out the rude assistant, she asked for the same dress. 找到那個(gè)無(wú)禮的售貨員后，她還要看昨天的那件衣服。
(1)現(xiàn)在分詞結(jié)構(gòu)代替時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句后，保留了連詞after。類似的情況如：
Since phoning you this morning, I've changed my plans.
自從今天早上給你打了電話以后，我已改變了計(jì)劃。
While trying to open the bottle, I cut my hand.
在試圖打開瓶子時(shí)，我劃破了手。
(2)seek out為固定短語(yǔ)，表示“找出”、“搜尋出”：
He sought out the thief in the crowd.
他在人群中找出了那個(gè)小偷。
Seek him out quickly. I want to speak to him.
快把他找出來(lái)。我想和他談一談。
(3)ask for表示“要”、“要求”：
I asked for a cup of coffee, but you gave me a cup of tea.
我要的是一杯咖啡，但你卻給了我一杯茶。
5.Not realizing who she was, the assistant was eager to serve her this time. 那個(gè)售貨員沒有認(rèn)出她是誰(shuí)，這一回接待她的態(tài)度非常殷勤。
(1)現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)代替一個(gè)分句位于句首時(shí)，其否定形式是在它前面加上not, without或never等否定詞。這些詞有時(shí)可互換，有時(shí)則不可：
Not/Without/Never hesitating for a moment, he ran after the thief.
他沒有一絲猶豫便追趕那小偷。
Not being able to open the door, I asked my neighbour for help.
由于開不了門，我便向鄰居求援。
(2)像eager, glad, pleased, sorry等描述感覺的形容詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)后面往往跟不定式：
They are all eager to come.
他們都急于來(lái)。
I'm pleased to work with you.
我很高興能與你一起工作。
6.With great difficulty, he climbed into the shop window to get the dress. 費(fèi)了好大勁兒，他爬進(jìn)櫥窗去取那件衣服。
with在這里表示行為方式：
With care, she put the vase on the shelf.
她小心翼翼地把花瓶放在架子上。
He lifted the box with ease/difficulty.
他很輕松地/費(fèi)勁地舉起那箱子。
7.She enjoyed herself making the assistant bring almost everything in the window before finally buying the dress she had first asked for.她開心地迫使那位售貨員把櫥窗里幾乎所有的東西都拿了出來(lái)，后才買下了她先要看的那一件。
(1)enjoy oneself doing sth.表示“從……中得到樂(lè)趣”：
He enjoyed himself making the dog run after beggars.
他讓那條狗追逐乞丐，并從中取樂(lè)。
(2)make后面的動(dòng)詞不定式不加to(cf.本課詞匯學(xué)習(xí))
(3)代替時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)帶有連詞before。