NOTES]（OXFORD）
1. fraternal adj. （esp rhet 尤作修辭） of a brother or brothers; brotherly or friendly 兄弟的; 兄弟般的; 友好的: fraternal love 手足之情 * fraternal greetings from fellow trade-unionists 同行業(yè)工會(huì)會(huì)員的友好問候.
2. buttoned-up adj. silent and reserved; shy 沉默寡言的; 羞答答的: I've never met anyone so buttoned up. 我從來沒有見到過這樣不愛講話的人.
3. dilettante n. （pl ~s or -ti / -ti:; -ti/） （often derog 常作貶義） person who studies or does sth, but without serious interest or understanding 浮泛的涉獵者; 淺嘗輒止者: a musical dilettante 粗通音樂的人.
4. squabble n. [I, Ipr] ~ （with sb） （about/over sth） quarrel noisily （as children do）, esp over unimportant matters 大聲爭(zhēng)吵（尤指為瑣事, 如兒童間的）: birds squabbling over bits of bread 為爭(zhēng)一些小面包屑嘰嘰喳喳叫的鳥 * Tom keeps squabbling with his sister about who is going to use the bicycle. 湯姆跟妹妹都爭(zhēng)著要騎那輛自行車.
5. press-gang v. [Tn] force （sb） into service 強(qiáng)迫（某人）做事: （joc 謔） We were press-ganged into serving the drinks. 抓了我們當(dāng)差斟酒.
6. itch v. [Ipr, It] ~ for sth/to do sth （infml 口） feel a strong restless desire for sth 渴望; 熱望: pupils itching for the lesson to end 盼著下課的學(xué)生 * I'm itching to tell you the news! 我巴不得要把這消息告訴你!
7. step on one's toes/ tread on one's toes to offend someone, especially by becoming involved in something that they are responsible for
8. swap v. （-pp-） （infml 口） 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Dn.n] ~ （sth） （with sb）;~ （sb） sth for sth; ~ sth （over/round） give sth in exchange for sth else; substitute sth for sth else 以某物交換他物; 以此物代替彼物: Your book looks more interesting than mine: do you want to swap （with me）? 你的書好像比我的有意思, 你愿意（和我）交換嗎? * They swapped （ie told each other） stories about their army days. 他們互相講述了他們?cè)谲婈?duì)中的經(jīng)歷. * I'll swap （you） my Michael Jackson tape for your Bruce Springsteen album. 我想用邁克爾?杰克遜的錄音帶交換你的布魯斯?斯普林斯廷唱片集. * She swapped our chairs （round）, so I had hers and she had mine. 她把我們倆的椅子對(duì)調(diào)了, 因此我坐的是她的, 她坐的是我的. * I wouldn't swap places with him for anything, ie would not wish to be in his situation. 我說什么也不愿意處于他的地位. 2 （idm 習(xí)語） change/swap horses in mid-stream => horse. change/swap places => place1.
9. amass v. [Tn] gather together or collect （sth）, esp in large quantities （尤指大量地）積累, 積聚, 收集（某事物）: amass a fortune 積累財(cái)富 * They amassed enough evidence to convict him on six charges. 他們搜集了足夠的證據(jù), 宣判他有六條罪狀.
10. underpin v. （-nn-） [Tn] 1 support （a wall, etc） from below with masonry, etc 用磚石結(jié)構(gòu)等從下面支撐（墻等）; 加固（墻等）的基礎(chǔ). 2 （fig 比喻） form the basis for （an argument, a claim, etc）; strengthen 為（論據(jù)、主張等）打下基礎(chǔ); 加強(qiáng); 鞏固: The evidence underpinning his case was sound. 有利于他的證據(jù)是確鑿的. * These developments are underpinned by solid progress in heavy industry. 重工業(yè)的穩(wěn)固發(fā)展為這些進(jìn)展打下了基礎(chǔ).
1. fraternal adj. （esp rhet 尤作修辭） of a brother or brothers; brotherly or friendly 兄弟的; 兄弟般的; 友好的: fraternal love 手足之情 * fraternal greetings from fellow trade-unionists 同行業(yè)工會(huì)會(huì)員的友好問候.
2. buttoned-up adj. silent and reserved; shy 沉默寡言的; 羞答答的: I've never met anyone so buttoned up. 我從來沒有見到過這樣不愛講話的人.
3. dilettante n. （pl ~s or -ti / -ti:; -ti/） （often derog 常作貶義） person who studies or does sth, but without serious interest or understanding 浮泛的涉獵者; 淺嘗輒止者: a musical dilettante 粗通音樂的人.
4. squabble n. [I, Ipr] ~ （with sb） （about/over sth） quarrel noisily （as children do）, esp over unimportant matters 大聲爭(zhēng)吵（尤指為瑣事, 如兒童間的）: birds squabbling over bits of bread 為爭(zhēng)一些小面包屑嘰嘰喳喳叫的鳥 * Tom keeps squabbling with his sister about who is going to use the bicycle. 湯姆跟妹妹都爭(zhēng)著要騎那輛自行車.
5. press-gang v. [Tn] force （sb） into service 強(qiáng)迫（某人）做事: （joc 謔） We were press-ganged into serving the drinks. 抓了我們當(dāng)差斟酒.
6. itch v. [Ipr, It] ~ for sth/to do sth （infml 口） feel a strong restless desire for sth 渴望; 熱望: pupils itching for the lesson to end 盼著下課的學(xué)生 * I'm itching to tell you the news! 我巴不得要把這消息告訴你!
7. step on one's toes/ tread on one's toes to offend someone, especially by becoming involved in something that they are responsible for
8. swap v. （-pp-） （infml 口） 1 [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr, Tn.p, Dn.n] ~ （sth） （with sb）;~ （sb） sth for sth; ~ sth （over/round） give sth in exchange for sth else; substitute sth for sth else 以某物交換他物; 以此物代替彼物: Your book looks more interesting than mine: do you want to swap （with me）? 你的書好像比我的有意思, 你愿意（和我）交換嗎? * They swapped （ie told each other） stories about their army days. 他們互相講述了他們?cè)谲婈?duì)中的經(jīng)歷. * I'll swap （you） my Michael Jackson tape for your Bruce Springsteen album. 我想用邁克爾?杰克遜的錄音帶交換你的布魯斯?斯普林斯廷唱片集. * She swapped our chairs （round）, so I had hers and she had mine. 她把我們倆的椅子對(duì)調(diào)了, 因此我坐的是她的, 她坐的是我的. * I wouldn't swap places with him for anything, ie would not wish to be in his situation. 我說什么也不愿意處于他的地位. 2 （idm 習(xí)語） change/swap horses in mid-stream => horse. change/swap places => place1.
9. amass v. [Tn] gather together or collect （sth）, esp in large quantities （尤指大量地）積累, 積聚, 收集（某事物）: amass a fortune 積累財(cái)富 * They amassed enough evidence to convict him on six charges. 他們搜集了足夠的證據(jù), 宣判他有六條罪狀.
10. underpin v. （-nn-） [Tn] 1 support （a wall, etc） from below with masonry, etc 用磚石結(jié)構(gòu)等從下面支撐（墻等）; 加固（墻等）的基礎(chǔ). 2 （fig 比喻） form the basis for （an argument, a claim, etc）; strengthen 為（論據(jù)、主張等）打下基礎(chǔ); 加強(qiáng); 鞏固: The evidence underpinning his case was sound. 有利于他的證據(jù)是確鑿的. * These developments are underpinned by solid progress in heavy industry. 重工業(yè)的穩(wěn)固發(fā)展為這些進(jìn)展打下了基礎(chǔ).