真題文章（2002年完型）
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened between . As was discussed before， it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium， following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution speeded up， beginning with transport， the railway， and leading on through the telegraph， the telephone， radio， and motion pictures into the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in perspective . It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized， however ， that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century， followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s， radically changed the process， although its impact on the media was not immediately apparent . As time went by， computers became smaller and more powerful， and they became “personal" too， as well as institutional ， with display becoming sharper and storage capability increasing. They were thought of， like people， in terms of generations， with the distance between generations much smaller.
It was within the computer age that the term “information society" began to be widely used to describe the context within which we now live. The communications revolution has influenced both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time， but there have been controversial view about its economic， political， social and cultural implications. "Benefits" have been weighed against ”harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult .
考研核心詞匯
diffusion / di5fju：VEn / n. 擴(kuò)散， 傳播， 漫射
[例] diffusion of light 光線(xiàn)的漫射
[派生] diffuse / di5fju：z / v. 散播， 傳播， 漫射， 擴(kuò)散， （使）慢慢混合
adj. 散開(kāi)的， 彌漫的
diffusive / di5fju：siv / adj. 散布性的， 擴(kuò)及的， 普及的
dominant / 5dCminEnt / adj. 有統(tǒng)治權(quán)的， 占優(yōu)勢(shì)的， 支配的
adj. [生物] 顯性的
[例] The right hand is dominant in most people. 大多數(shù)人右手比左手有力。
[反義] recessive / ri5sesiv / adj. 退行的， 逆行的， [遺]隱性的 n. 隱性性狀
[派生] dominance / 5dRmInEns / n. 優(yōu)勢(shì)， 統(tǒng)治
dominate / 5dCmineit / v. 支配， 占優(yōu)勢(shì)
pamphlet / 5pAmflit / n. 小冊(cè)子
[例] a single-article pamphlet 單行本
[同義] booklet ，brochure， folder ，leaflet
[派生] pamphleteer / 7pAmfli5tiE / n. 小冊(cè)子作者 vi. 寫(xiě)小冊(cè)子
periodical / 7piEri5CdikEl / adj. 周期的， 定期的 n. 期刊， 雜志
[例] a weekly periodical 周[月]刊
[同義] gazette ， journal ， magazine
[派生] periodically / 9pIErI`CdIkLlI / adv. 周期性地， 定時(shí)性地
motion / 5mEuFEn / n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)， 動(dòng)作 v. 運(yùn)動(dòng)
[例] She motioned to the waiter. 他向侍者打了個(gè)手勢(shì)。
[同義] activity， doings， legislation， movement ，proposal ，proposition
[反義] inaction / in5AkFEn / n. 無(wú)行動(dòng)， 不活動(dòng)， 無(wú)為， 怠惰， 遲鈍
[派生] motionless / 5mEJF（E）nlIs / adj. 不動(dòng)的， 靜止的
[固定搭配] go through the motions做…姿態(tài)機(jī)械地做某事，顯示出缺乏興趣或投入；
recognize / 5rekE^naiz / vt. 認(rèn)可， 承認(rèn)， 公認(rèn)， 賞識(shí) vi. 具結(jié)
[例] I don't recognize this word —— what does it mean？
我不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)單詞，它的意思是什么？
[同義] accept， acknowledge， admit， allow， appreciate， behold， know， realize
[派生] recognizable / 5rekE^naizEbl / adj. 可認(rèn)識(shí)的， 可辨認(rèn)的， 可公認(rèn)的， 可認(rèn)知的
institutional / 7insti5tju：FEnEl / adj. 制度上的
[例] institutional religion 組成機(jī)構(gòu)的宗教
[派生] institution / 7insti5tju：FEn / n. 公共機(jī)構(gòu)， 協(xié)會(huì)， 制度
leisure / 5leVE； 5li：VE / n. 空閑， 閑暇， 悠閑， 安逸
[例] What do you do in your leisure time？ 你空閑時(shí)間做些什么？
[同義] freedom ， business
[派生] leisureful / `leVEfJl/ adj. （=leisurely）不匆忙的， 從容不迫的
implication / 7impli5keiFEn / n. 牽連， 含意， 暗示
[例] "He smiled， but the implication was that he didn't believe me."
"他微微一笑，但這一笑暗示著他不相信我的話(huà)。"
[派生] implicative / im5plikEtiv； 5implikeitiv / adj. 含蓄的， 連帶的
implicate / 5implikeit / vt. 使?fàn)窟B其中， 含意， 暗示 n. 包含的東西
generalization / 7dVenErElai5zeiFEn / n. 一般化， 普遍化， 概括， 廣義性
[例] make a hasty generalization 匆忙下結(jié)論
[派生] generalize / 5dVenErElaiz / vt. 歸納， 概括， 推廣， 普及
Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries. Yet much had happened between . As was discussed before， it was not until the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic medium， following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the company of the periodical. It was during the same time that the communications revolution speeded up， beginning with transport， the railway， and leading on through the telegraph， the telephone， radio， and motion pictures into the 20th-century world of the motor car and the air plane. Not everyone sees that process in perspective . It is important to do so.
It is generally recognized， however ， that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century， followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s， radically changed the process， although its impact on the media was not immediately apparent . As time went by， computers became smaller and more powerful， and they became “personal" too， as well as institutional ， with display becoming sharper and storage capability increasing. They were thought of， like people， in terms of generations， with the distance between generations much smaller.
It was within the computer age that the term “information society" began to be widely used to describe the context within which we now live. The communications revolution has influenced both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time， but there have been controversial view about its economic， political， social and cultural implications. "Benefits" have been weighed against ”harmful" outcomes. And generalizations have proved difficult .
考研核心詞匯
diffusion / di5fju：VEn / n. 擴(kuò)散， 傳播， 漫射
[例] diffusion of light 光線(xiàn)的漫射
[派生] diffuse / di5fju：z / v. 散播， 傳播， 漫射， 擴(kuò)散， （使）慢慢混合
adj. 散開(kāi)的， 彌漫的
diffusive / di5fju：siv / adj. 散布性的， 擴(kuò)及的， 普及的
dominant / 5dCminEnt / adj. 有統(tǒng)治權(quán)的， 占優(yōu)勢(shì)的， 支配的
adj. [生物] 顯性的
[例] The right hand is dominant in most people. 大多數(shù)人右手比左手有力。
[反義] recessive / ri5sesiv / adj. 退行的， 逆行的， [遺]隱性的 n. 隱性性狀
[派生] dominance / 5dRmInEns / n. 優(yōu)勢(shì)， 統(tǒng)治
dominate / 5dCmineit / v. 支配， 占優(yōu)勢(shì)
pamphlet / 5pAmflit / n. 小冊(cè)子
[例] a single-article pamphlet 單行本
[同義] booklet ，brochure， folder ，leaflet
[派生] pamphleteer / 7pAmfli5tiE / n. 小冊(cè)子作者 vi. 寫(xiě)小冊(cè)子
periodical / 7piEri5CdikEl / adj. 周期的， 定期的 n. 期刊， 雜志
[例] a weekly periodical 周[月]刊
[同義] gazette ， journal ， magazine
[派生] periodically / 9pIErI`CdIkLlI / adv. 周期性地， 定時(shí)性地
motion / 5mEuFEn / n. 運(yùn)動(dòng)， 動(dòng)作 v. 運(yùn)動(dòng)
[例] She motioned to the waiter. 他向侍者打了個(gè)手勢(shì)。
[同義] activity， doings， legislation， movement ，proposal ，proposition
[反義] inaction / in5AkFEn / n. 無(wú)行動(dòng)， 不活動(dòng)， 無(wú)為， 怠惰， 遲鈍
[派生] motionless / 5mEJF（E）nlIs / adj. 不動(dòng)的， 靜止的
[固定搭配] go through the motions做…姿態(tài)機(jī)械地做某事，顯示出缺乏興趣或投入；
recognize / 5rekE^naiz / vt. 認(rèn)可， 承認(rèn)， 公認(rèn)， 賞識(shí) vi. 具結(jié)
[例] I don't recognize this word —— what does it mean？
我不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)單詞，它的意思是什么？
[同義] accept， acknowledge， admit， allow， appreciate， behold， know， realize
[派生] recognizable / 5rekE^naizEbl / adj. 可認(rèn)識(shí)的， 可辨認(rèn)的， 可公認(rèn)的， 可認(rèn)知的
institutional / 7insti5tju：FEnEl / adj. 制度上的
[例] institutional religion 組成機(jī)構(gòu)的宗教
[派生] institution / 7insti5tju：FEn / n. 公共機(jī)構(gòu)， 協(xié)會(huì)， 制度
leisure / 5leVE； 5li：VE / n. 空閑， 閑暇， 悠閑， 安逸
[例] What do you do in your leisure time？ 你空閑時(shí)間做些什么？
[同義] freedom ， business
[派生] leisureful / `leVEfJl/ adj. （=leisurely）不匆忙的， 從容不迫的
implication / 7impli5keiFEn / n. 牽連， 含意， 暗示
[例] "He smiled， but the implication was that he didn't believe me."
"他微微一笑，但這一笑暗示著他不相信我的話(huà)。"
[派生] implicative / im5plikEtiv； 5implikeitiv / adj. 含蓄的， 連帶的
implicate / 5implikeit / vt. 使?fàn)窟B其中， 含意， 暗示 n. 包含的東西
generalization / 7dVenErElai5zeiFEn / n. 一般化， 普遍化， 概括， 廣義性
[例] make a hasty generalization 匆忙下結(jié)論
[派生] generalize / 5dVenErElaiz / vt. 歸納， 概括， 推廣， 普及