詞匯天天練—過(guò)關(guān)練習(xí)題及答案精解(3)

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各位考生,此套詞匯過(guò)關(guān)練習(xí)含蓋了所有MBA必考詞匯,請(qǐng)認(rèn)真做完!
    1. A year ago the firm had a _________ loss of 4.3 million dollars or 20 cents a share after all necessary deduction.
    A. total
    B. gross
    C. net
    D. clear
    2. Able placed too much _________ on sports mad not enough on his studies.
    A. importance
    B. emphasis
    C. interest
    D. worth
    3. According to Nobel’s famous will, the interest on his fund will be _________ to five people who have made great contributions to mankind daring the previous year.
    A. contributed
    B. devoted
    C. distributed
    D. allocated
    4. According to the weather forecast, which is usually _________, it will snow this afternoon.
    A. accurate
    B. precise
    C. exact
    D. perfect
    5. Accuracy is _________to the programming of computers.
    A. fundamental
    B. decisive
    C. characteristic
    D. typical
    6. Adam is one of my best friends, He always ________ me whenever I am in trouble.
    A. stands out
    B. stands by
    C. stands up
    D. stands up to
    7. After 1978 the farm began to take _________ a new look.
    A. in
    B. on
    C. up
    D. to
    8. After a long struggle, he _________ his opponents.
    A. competed with
    B. got on with
    C. defeated
    D. yielded to
    9. After a meal in a restaurant, you ask the waiter for the _________
    A. bill
    B. note
    C. receipt
    D. menu
    10. After a quick _________ at the patient the doctor rang for an ambulance.
    A. glance
    B. peer
    C. gaze
    D. scan
    11. After careful planning, John ________ a way of solving the problem.
    A. thought about
    B. thought of
    C. thought over
    D. thought out
    12. After flying across the Atlantic, Charles Lindbergh became famous _________
    A. immediately
    B. overnight
    C. punctually
    D. promptly
    13. After his recovery from illness, he ________ his former position.
    A. assumed
    B. presumed
    C. consumed
    D. resumed
    14. After kiting in the United States for five years, I have _________myself to the American customs.
    A. adopted
    B. adapted
    C. adjusted
    D. accepted
    1.[答案]C
    [翻譯]一年前該公司的凈虧捐損為430萬(wàn)美元或者說(shuō)在做出必要的扣除之后,一股凈虧20美分。
    [分析]net的意思是“純的,凈的”;total的意思是“全部的”;gross的意思是“總的”;clear的意思是“以清償債務(wù)的”。
    2.[答案]B
    [翻譯]Able放在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)上精力過(guò)多,而放在學(xué)習(xí)上的時(shí)間不夠。
    [分析]place emphasis on表示“強(qiáng)調(diào)……”或“重視……”;importance的意思是“重要性”;interest的意思是“興趣”;worth的意思是“價(jià)值”;importance,interest和worth都不能和place…on搭配。
    3. [答案]C
    [翻譯]根據(jù)諾貝爾的遺愿,他的基金的利息將分發(fā)給上一年為人類(lèi)做出重大貢獻(xiàn)的五個(gè)人。
    [分析]distribute的意思是“將分發(fā),分配,分送”;contribute to的意思是“捐獻(xiàn),貢獻(xiàn)”;devote to的意思是“將……奉獻(xiàn)給”;allocate的意思是“分配,分派”。distribute和allocate都表示把一定數(shù)量的錢(qián)或東西在一些成員中進(jìn)行分配。但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中,有一定的區(qū)別。distribute常指就整體開(kāi)定量分若干份在各處分發(fā),或?qū)⑽锲返劝l(fā)給某群體分散在各處的員。一般經(jīng)濟(jì)上的生產(chǎn)與分配中的分配都用這個(gè)詞。例如:The teacher distributed the examination papers to the class.教師分發(fā)試卷給全班學(xué)生。The products should be distributed in accordance with the principle “To each according to his work”應(yīng)該依照按勞分配的原則來(lái)分配產(chǎn)品。allocate是指某執(zhí)政機(jī)構(gòu)為某政府計(jì)劃撥出專(zhuān)款。例如:Half of medical supplies have already been allocated funds for the new school.一半藥品已分配給震區(qū)的受害者。The town allocated funds for the new school.這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)撥專(zhuān)款給這所新建學(xué)校。
    4. [答案]A
    [翻譯]天氣預(yù)報(bào)通常都很準(zhǔn)確。根據(jù)天氣預(yù)報(bào),今天下午要下雪。
    [分析]這四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都有“準(zhǔn)確的,精確的”意思,但它們的側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同。Accurate強(qiáng)調(diào)準(zhǔn)確性,與事實(shí)無(wú)出入。例如:Is your watch accurate?你的表準(zhǔn)嗎?(即:它記時(shí)可靠嗎?)通常,表示天氣預(yù)報(bào)準(zhǔn)確要用accurate; precise強(qiáng)調(diào)范圍界限的鮮明性或細(xì)節(jié)的精密。例如:The definition he gives is not precise enough to be really of any use.他下的定義不夠明確,因此沒(méi)有多大用處。Exact強(qiáng)調(diào)在一定數(shù)量和質(zhì)量方面的極度準(zhǔn)確,要求絲毫不差。例如:You must give the signal at the exact moment specified.你一定要嚴(yán)格依照規(guī)定的時(shí)間發(fā)出信號(hào)。在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中,這三個(gè)詞大體意義是一致的,常??苫ビ?。例如:He has made an accurate (exact, precise)measurement of my garden.他準(zhǔn)確地丈量了我的花園。Perfect的意思是“完美的,完善的”。
    5. [答案]A
    [翻譯]精確是計(jì)算機(jī)編程的基本。
    [分析]fundamental的意思是“基本的,基礎(chǔ)的”;decisive的意思是“確定的,果斷的”;characteristic的意思是“特有的,典型的”;typical的意思是“典型的,有代表性的”。
    6. [答案]B
    [翻譯]Adam是我的一個(gè)朋友,無(wú)論我什么時(shí)候有困難,他總是支持我。
    [分析]stand by 的意思是“支持;遵守諾言”;stand out的意思是“突出,顯眼”; stand up的意思是“站起來(lái);(證據(jù)、論點(diǎn)等)站得住腳”;stand up to的意思是“勇敢地面對(duì)”。
    7. [答案]B
    [翻譯]1978年之后,這家農(nóng)場(chǎng)煥然一新。
    [分析]take on的意思是“呈現(xiàn)(新面貌)”;take in的意思是“接受;欺騙”; take up的意思是“占據(jù),從事”; take to的意思是“喜歡”。
    8. [答案]C
    [翻譯]經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期的斗爭(zhēng),他打敗了自己的對(duì)手。
    [分析]defeat的意思是“擊敗,(使挫折)”;compete的意思是“與……競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”;get on with的意思是“繼續(xù)做……;與……和睦相處”;yield to的意思是“屈服,讓步”。
    9. [答案]A
    [翻譯]在餐館里吃完飯,你向服務(wù)員要賬單。
    [分析]bill的意思是“賬單”;note的意思是“鈔票”;receipt的意思是“收據(jù),收條”;menu的意思是“菜單”。
    10. [答案]A
    [翻譯]醫(yī)生很快看了一下病人,便打電話要了一輛救護(hù)車(chē)。
    [分析]glance at的意思是“看一眼,瞥”;指由于專(zhuān)心于某事而在匆忙中迅速地看一眼;peer的意思是“仔細(xì)地看,凝視”,強(qiáng)調(diào)透過(guò)某物或從事物的后面看,暗含“好奇”和“看不清楚”的意味。例如:She peered through the mist, trying to find the right path home.她透過(guò)薄霧,想找到回家的路。gaze的意思是“凝視,注視”指由于感嘆、好奇、感興趣而長(zhǎng)時(shí)間目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看,常常跟介詞at搭配。scan的意思是“(為了找到某一點(diǎn)或某件東西而)瀏覽,審視”。
    11. [答案]D
    [翻譯]經(jīng)過(guò)周密的思考,約翰想出了解決問(wèn)題的辦法。
    [分析]think out的意思是“想出,設(shè)計(jì)出”;think about和think of的意思是一樣的,都可以當(dāng)“想起,想到,考慮”講;think over的意思是“仔細(xì)考慮”。
    12. [答案]B
    [翻譯]飛過(guò)大西洋以后,Charles Lindbergh一夜成名。
    [分析]overnight的意思是“一夜之間”;immediately的意思是“立刻,馬上”;punctually的意思是“準(zhǔn)時(shí)的,正點(diǎn)的”;promptly的意思是“及時(shí)的,迅速的”。由于題干有“飛過(guò)大西洋之后”的地間狀語(yǔ),說(shuō)明時(shí)間極為短促,overnight比immediately的時(shí)間更具體,所以本題的量佳答案為overnight。
    13. [答案]D
    [翻譯]從病中恢復(fù)后,他繼續(xù)從事以前的工作。
    [分析]resume的意思是“繼續(xù),從新開(kāi)始”,符合題意,所以 D是答案;assume和presume都近于漢語(yǔ)的“假定,假想”。Assume含有比較強(qiáng)烈的武斷成分,往往把一件尚未證證實(shí)的或尚存在異議的事作為自己論斷的基礎(chǔ)。例如:Let us assume that this is true.我們先假定這是真的。Presume表示根據(jù)過(guò)去的驗(yàn)或者是合乎邏輯的推測(cè)來(lái)假設(shè),一般是有較充分的理由,雖然結(jié)論仍可能是錯(cuò)誤的。例如:From the available data it may fairly be presumed that the writer flourished in the 4th century.從現(xiàn)有的材料來(lái)看,推測(cè)作者活躍于第4世紀(jì)大概是不會(huì)錯(cuò)的。Consume的意思是“消費(fèi),消耗”。
    14. [答案]B
    [翻譯]在美國(guó)生活了五年之后,我已適應(yīng)美國(guó)的土情了。
    [分析]adapt…to…的意思是“使適應(yīng),使適合”;adopt是一個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,后面應(yīng)該跟一個(gè)名詞,意思是“采用,采納,收養(yǎng)”;adjust的意思是“調(diào)節(jié),調(diào)整”;accept的意思是“接受”。